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Efficient cultivation of passionflower
Passion fruit is sweet and sour, with aromas of various fruits, rich in various nutrients, and it is made of nutritious advanced beverage ingredients. With wide adaptability, easy cultivation, early production and good economic returns, it is one of the promising beverage plants in tropical and subtropical regions. 1 characteristic characteristics. The main cultivation of Passiflora is purple fruit and Huangguo. The stems, leaves and tendrils of Passiflora purpureum are all green, and the new shoots sometimes have purplish red stripes, flowers are bisexual, self-breeding, and the rate of natural pollination is high, the results are numerous, the yield is stable, and the yield per hectare can be achieved in a piece cultivation. 1.2 to 15,000 kilograms. Planting this strain in southern Jiangxi, in mid-March, new shoots germinate, full flowering period from early April to early May, and harvesting from mid-June to early August. Huangguo passionflower has strong growth, strong adaptability, weak cold resistance, and often defoliation in winter. The variety is self-incompatible, self-pollination is not easy to produce, and large-sized insects must be used between different strains or strains. Pollination, or artificial pollination can result, the flowering period is later than the purple fruit line, the flowering period is long, the fruit is large, and the yield is high. However, if no pollination conditions were found, the result was poor. 2 choose to plant. Passiflora has a wide adaptability. It is planted in front of houses and scattered around the sheds of cattle sheds. It can be planted only if there is room for scaffolding. The production site should be selected for deep soil, loose soil, well-drained, and ventilated gardens. The average spacing is 2.5 meters, 3.5 meters, 3 meters and 3 meters, and 1110 to 1,140 trees per hectare. It is best to plant in March and April. During planting, the planting hole was firstly dug, and the depth of the hole was 50 cm, 70 cm and 40 cm, and organic fertilizer was applied as the base fertilizer. Planting first dig a small hole in the center of the hole to plant seedlings or nutritious nursery seedlings, tear the plastic first, put it in a hole, fill the soil, fill the root water, water it once every other day, and inject it into the rainy season. The general survival rate can reach more than 98%. 3 Scientific fertilization. Passiflora requirements of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 2:1:4, 15 to 20 days after planting can be applied thin and thin water and fertilizer, plus urea 0.5%, after the monthly application 1, plus 1% urea. Generally divided into new shoots before the growth of fertilizer, fruit development period and after fruit dressing fertilizer, the first two times with water and fertilizer plus compound fertilizer and potassium chloride, after picking fruit with organic fertilizer plus compound fertilizer and superphosphate. Can also be used 1% urea plus 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the fruit development period for extra-root fertilizer, once a week, for 3 to 4 times. For fertilization, dig shallow trenches around the base of the plant and apply the soil. However, passionfruit should not be soaked in water and afraid of drought, it is necessary to strengthen the rainy season drainage, drought watering. Shelving: Shelving height is 2m. It is suitable. The pillar is 2.5m. No. 10 iron wire is used for pull wire, and No. 12 iron wire is used for secondary wire. Shelving or roof frame or herringbone frame is erected to allow it to climb on shelves and promote growth. With the result. At the same time, to pruning and pruning, after the survival of Passiflora, if the top bud of the main stem grows well, you can choose to keep a strong axillary bud as the main vine. If the growth is not good, choose two strong axillary buds instead of the main vine. Removal. After harvesting, dry branches, thin and weak branches, and closed branches should be cut off in order to cultivate abundant autumn shoots. 4 control of pests. The fatal disease of Passiflora is virus-induced mosaic disease. Insect pests have locusts, floating dust, and so on. In the cultivation should choose sunny, ventilated and breathable lot. Pay attention to drainage and drought prevention. Drug control In the spring shoots germination, spray 1 to 2 times 500 to 300 times dimethoate to control aphid damage and spread the disease. The growth period can be sprayed with buzurin, carbendazim, and winter Bordeaux spray. After the pruning, the orchard should be cleaned in time to prevent the spread of disease sources and insect pests. 5 fruit harvested. Purple fruit after the flowering results of passion flower 70 to 80 days, the fruit can be harvested mature, and its standard should be 80% of the skin should turn purple.