Farmers who plant selenium-enriched corn have hope for increasing income

Select high-yield and excellent varieties. Select suitable varieties for selenium-enriched corn cultivation according to the actual situation, and select varieties with disease resistance, high yield, high crude starch content in the grain, and selenium-enriched *********. In Henan Province, varieties such as Jundan 20, Zhengdan 958, Jinhai No. 5, Weike 702, Longping 206, Yudan 9953, Xianyu 1140, Luoyu 114, etc. can be selected.

Seed treatment It is recommended to use coated seeds, 3~5 days before sowing, to increase the germination rate after sowing and promote the healthy growth of seedlings.

Sowing at the right time The suitable sowing date for corn is mainly determined by temperature, moisture content and variety. The 5-10 cm ground temperature is above 10 ℃, and the water holding capacity is above 60% to 70% as the standard for the suitable sowing period of spring corn. Summer sowing corn should be sown in time, and a reasonable planting density should be determined according to the characteristics of the variety, and the seeding quality should be ensured at the same time. It can be planted manually, the soil moisture is good, the planting depth is generally 3~5 cm, the depth is the same, and the soil is tightly covered. It is also possible to choose a reliable precision seeding and deep application of chemical fertilizer integrated machine, which is mixed with granules for preventing and controlling underground pests in the chemical fertilizer. The seeding depth is 3~5 cm, and the row spacing is generally controlled at about 60 cm. The suitable moisture content for sowing is that the soil water holding capacity of the cultivated layer (0-20 cm) reaches 60%~70%. If the moisture content is insufficient, it is necessary to create moisture before sowing. If it is too late, it is necessary to pour "head water" after sowing.

Check seedlings and replenish seedlings and thinning in time. Check seedlings in time after emergence, using transplanting and replanting or directly replenishing seedlings. Transplant when seedlings have 3 to 4 leaves. For direct replenishment, soak the seeds for 8-12 hours and reseed in time. One or two plants lacking can also leave two plants around the lacking seedling plants. Thinning should go weak and stay strong.

Scientific fertilization Corn is a high-yield crop that requires a lot of fertilizer. Fertilization should be scientifically applied to meet the needs of the corn growing period. According to the principle of "stabilizing nitrogen, reducing phosphorus, increasing potassium, and replenishing medium and micronutrients", the types of special slow-release long-acting compound fertilizers for corn to be used are determined. Determine the amount of fertilizer according to the level of soil fertility. When planting corn, use a corn planting and deep application of chemical fertilizer integrated machine to apply special controlled-release fertilizer for corn as the base fertilizer to a depth of more than 15 cm. Generally, no top dressing is required during the growth period of corn. For artificial on-demand, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is the main application, and it is applied 3 times at the seedling stage, jointing stage and booting stage. In the seedling stage, compound fertilizers can be applied at the three to four leaf stage to meet the needs of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the seedling stage. The application of urea or diammonium phosphate at the jointing stage of corn accounts for about 60% of the total fertilization, and the ear fertilizer accounts for about 30%. For seedling conditions, apply more or less, and spray micro-fertilizer on the foliar surface in the later period.

Irrigate the soil at the seedling stage and seedling stage in a timely manner. The soil in the plough layer must be maintained at 60% to 70% of the field water holding capacity to ensure seedlings and promote root development; maintain 70% to 80% of the field water holding capacity at the jointing and booting stage; maintain field holding at the heading and flowering stage About 80% of the water volume is appropriate; during the grouting mature period, keep 70% to 75% of the field water holding capacity. The irrigation method should be furrow irrigation, infiltration irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. Irrigation is generally not performed at the seedling stage. In case of drought, 150-450 cubic meters per hectare can be irrigated. The amount of irrigation is 600-900 and 300-600 cubic meters per hectare during the tasseling stage and 300-600 cubic meters per hectare respectively in the tasseling stage and 300-600 cubic meters per hectare.

Scientific application of selenium Selenium-enriched corn is transformed by the absorption and transformation of corn plants, transforming inorganic selenium into usable organic selenium, which is enriched in corn kernels to become selenium-enriched corn. According to the experimental research, spraying the selenium-enriched king nutrient on the corn leaf surface and formulating it into 300~1000 times liquid has a good selenium-enriching effect. Use a sprayer to spray on both sides of the corn leaves, usually 3 times. When the corn is 7~8 leaves, spray for the first time, and then spray once every 10 days. It is usually sprayed after 16:00 or on a cloudy day, if it rains, it can be sprayed again. Selenium can be sprayed with acid and neutral pesticides, but not with alkaline pesticides.

Control of diseases, insects and weeds In the early stage of rust disease, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500~1000 times liquid, or 25% Fenmeining WP 1000~1500 times liquid spray for prevention and control. In the prevention and control of rough dwarf disease, seeding should be planted in the right time, in early and mid-June; 10% imidacloprid 1500 times solution or 50% Yiyiwei WP 3000~5000 times solution should be used for spraying to prevent aphids and ash fly Lice to prevent the occurrence of rough dwarf disease.

For corn borer control, black light lamps can be used to trap and kill corn borer adults during the peak period; where conditions permit, Trichogramma densiflora will be released when the number of eggs in the field reaches 3 to 4 per 100 plants to prevent corn borer larvae; in small mouth During the period (the 9th to 10th leaves), use 1.5% phoxim granules 0.25 kg, mixed with 7.5 kg of fine sand, and sprinkle into the heart leaves after mixing, generally 1.5 to 2.0 g/plant. To prevent thrips, use 5% imidacloprid EC to spray 2000 to 3000 times. The prevention and control of armyworms can be sprayed with diflubenzuron, phoxim, etc.

For the prevention and control of underground pests, combine soil preparation before sowing the wheat and mix it with chlorpyrifos and other medicines in fertilizer and spray it into the soil; corn can also be mixed in fertilizer when sowing; if underground pests are found in the seedling Heavier, add 1 kg of phoxim to 5~10 kg of water, mix 30 kg of fine soil, or use 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon to 2.5~5.0 kg of water, and mix 50 kg of wheat bran to make a poison bait. Sprinkle 37.5-75.0 kg/ha of poison bait around to prevent cutworms and mole crickets.

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