At the request of the readers of the "Agricultural Science and Technology News", the reporter recently interviewed the national model worker, Shaanxi Yangling West Melon "earth expert" Ma Xinshi, and asked him to briefly introduce the cultivation techniques of cantaloupe melon in autumn. The following is the summary of the reporters. Management points. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Chaga Mushroom Extract,Edible Fungus Extract,Mushroom Extract,best chaga mushroom extract,inonotus obliquus extract Shaanxi Zhongyi Kangjian Biotechnology Co.,Ltd , https://www.zhongyiherbs.com
Grasping the characteristics of autumn climate The climatic characteristics of autumn-cultivated melons are high temperature and rainy in the early stage, and more sunny and less rainy in the middle and late stages. The temperature is often low in the later stage, which is opposite to the requirement that the temperature in the melon growing season is low to high, so the cultivation measures are There are many differences.
Variety selection and precautions Pay attention to the early maturity of the varieties. In terms of cultivation measures, we should master the appropriate sowing in the early stage, control the high temperature and high humidity conditions, prevent the seedlings from growing and pests and diseases; carry out routine management in the middle and late stages; Normal development and maturity. Because of the high temperature and drought in autumn and the serious pests, it is necessary to add sunshade and gauze equipment such as shading nets and gauze.
Appropriate sowing and management can be carried out in the autumn to cultivate melons or seedlings, but in order to facilitate the control, the seedlings are often concentrated. The seedbed is located in a greenhouse that retains the top shed film (which can be ventilated and rainproof), or a newly built nursery awning (top cover membrane, surrounded by ventilation). Sowing at the right time is very important. Sowing is easy to be exposed to high temperatures and storms. Late is the normal ripening of the fruit.
The seedbed management is hot and rainy in summer, and the high temperature seedlings are susceptible to virus disease. Therefore, after the seedlings are unearthed, the watering should be strictly controlled to control the water. However, the seedbed should not be excessively dry. It can be sprayed with a small amount of water, and the foliar fertilizer can be added to cultivate strong seedlings. Before and after planting, the seedlings are often exposed to direct light to prevent the lengthening. The age of the seedlings in autumn should not be too large, and the seedlings of one leaf and one heart can be planted in 10-15 days.
The requirements for planting greenhouses, applying base fertilizer, and preparing soil for cultivation are basically the same as those for spring cultivation:
1. High temperature and drought in autumn, the pests are more serious. The roof of the greenhouse is covered with a sunshade net, which is enclosed by a pest-proof net to make the greenhouse a small, ventilated, cool and closed environment, reducing pests and reducing diseases.
2, planting seedlings, one leaf and one heart can be planted (do not exceed 2 leaves and one heart).
3, the same variety of autumn growth is not as good as spring, so the plant spacing can be appropriately reduced.
Greenhouse management
1. Tempering temperature control: Before planting, the temperature in the shed should be controlled at about 30 °C. The temperature during the daytime should not be higher than 35 °C, and the temperature should not exceed 20 °C at night. The temperature during the fruit setting should be around 23 °C. After the fruit is set to 30 ° C, the shade net can be removed in the middle and late cultivation period, the shed film is placed, and the wind is adjusted to adjust the shed temperature.
2, pruning melon: high temperature in summer and autumn, plus greenhouse shed net cover cultivation, the field with better fertilizer and water conditions can easily cause the branches and leaves of the plant to be lush without melons, do a good job in time to leave the melon, the melon node is better than the spring Lower, try to sit early.
Pest Control
The main diseases in autumn include leaf blight, blight, blight, downy mildew, etc.; insect pests are mainly whitehouse whitefly, aphids, and leafminer, and shading nets and insect nets can be used for cultivation measures. Insect nets and sunshade nets have a more effective effect. Keep the ventilated air in the shed, dry the air, and cut off the excess vines and the non-functional old leaves at the base. Must master the principle of sunny pruning, cloudy and wet, and the wounds caused by pruning often cause the outbreak of blight.