Release date: 2017-04-13 Scientists at the Scripps Institute (TSRI) have created an immune cell that fights HIV. Test results under laboratory conditions show that these antiviral cells can quickly replace diseased immune cells. It has a very high clinical value and is expected to cure HIV disease. “This is a long-term protection,†said TSRI Senior Fellow and the first author of the article by PNAS, Xie Jia. Richard Lerner, MD, is the author of this article and a professor of immunochemistry at TSRI. As the leader of the project, he will work with the City of Hope Gene Therapy Research Center to test the effectiveness and safety of this new treatment on patients in accordance with federal regulations. “City of Hope is a pioneer in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and has initiated clinical trials of gene therapy for AIDS using hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The new antiviral cell therapy trial will be carried out directly using our existing experience,†City of John A. Zaia, MD, head of the Gene Therapy Center at the Hope Institute for Malignant Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, said. "The ultimate goal is to directly control HIV in AIDS patients, not exogenous drugs, by autoimmunity alone." “As a research scientist at TSRI, we are honored to work with the City of Hope physicians and scientists whose expertise in HIV transplant therapy will bring hope to HIV patients,†Lerner added. Past HIV antibody therapies are based on an antibody drug, with lower concentrations of antibodies floating freely in the blood. TSRI's new technology is superior to the previous method. This time, antibodies are directly modified on the cell surface, preventing HIV from approaching a key cellular receptor called ICAM-1. Xie Jia called it "a distant neighbor is not as good as a neighbor effect." Antibodies attached nearby are more effective than most antibodies floating in the blood. He said: "For the sake of effect, sometimes you only need one cell, not too many molecules." Before conducting live HIV (infectious) testing in the lab, scientists used rhinovirus as a common cold virus. They use lentivirus as a vector to transfer new genes into human cells, which can direct cells to synthesize antibodies to an intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is a rhinovirus. Adhesion molecules necessary for infection. After ICAM-1 is monopolized by the antibody, the virus cannot spread and spread. "This is true cellular immunity," Lerner said. Because lentivirus-mediated transfection efficiency is not 100%, the scientists end up with a mixture of engineered and non-engineered cells. The researchers then added the active rhinovirus to the culture dish and prepared to check the antiviral efficiency of the system. The first day, the vast majority of cells are dying. The number of cells in the culture dish containing only non-engineered cells was greatly reduced and then not recovered. However, although the cells in the mixed dish died at the initial stage, the number of cells rapidly rebounded after several hours, and the number of cells in the 125-hour mixed dish was restored to be level with the control group (untreated healthy cells). In essence, this is a Darwin competition for the survival of the fittest. Cells without antibody protection die, cells with antibodies survive and multiply, and this protective gene is passed on to new cells. The success of the rhinovirus experiment inspired researchers. They then transferred the technology to research on the HIV virus. All HIV strains must bind to CD4 cell surface receptors before infecting humans. To protect immune cells from being killed by HIV, the researchers designed targeted antibodies. "This technology has benefited from the combinatorial antibody libraries, and we have successfully selected specific antibodies," Lerner said. In the HIV test, the synthetic cells once again successfully held the line. The antibody accurately recognized the CD4 binding site, blocked the HIV virus infection pathway, and finally, the antiviral cell population in the culture dish won. Scientists at the National Institutes of Health's HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Research Center have further confirmed that these antiviral cell lines are more potent against HIV than free antibodies. Joseph Alvarnas, MD, director of value analysis at City of Hope, commented on this new technology: HIV is currently treatable but not curable. In this case, the patient suffers from many diseases. For example, patients receiving antiretroviral therapy have a higher risk of developing other diseases, such as cancer. This is why cell antibody immunotherapy is particularly important for HIV patients. Xie Jia hopes that in addition to clinical trial work with City of Hope, he will continue to carry out other types of cell surface receptor antibody engineering. Source: Biopass China Extract Powder For Use As Dietary Supplement Extract Powder, Extract Powder Manufacturer Shaanxi Kang New Pharmaceutical co., Ltd. , https://www.apipepdites.com