Artificial intelligence develops or increases the risk of infringement of personal medical privacy

According to foreign media reports, a new study by the University of California at Berkeley shows that the advancement of artificial intelligence has brought new threats to the privacy of people's health data.

人工智能发展或增加个人医疗隐私被侵犯的风险

The study was led by Anil Aswani of the Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (IEOR) at the University of California, Berkeley. Research shows that in the face of the rapid development of artificial intelligence, existing laws and regulations are simply not enough to protect the privacy of personal health data.

According to research by Aswani, using artificial intelligence, we can determine the identity of a person by personal step data (such as the number of steps recorded on a smart watch and mobile phone) and correlate it with demographic data. After two years of data mining involving 15,000 Americans, the study concluded that the privacy standards associated with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 need to be revised and rewritten.

“We want to use the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to study privacy issues because they are a good representation of the various groups in the United States,” Aswani said. “The results have revealed major problems. Even if you put all your identities The relevant information is cleared and it does not provide you with effective protection. If you have the correct information, you can reassemble your identity."

“Imagine that your Facebook may collect your step data through a mobile app and then purchase health care data from another company so that they can match the medical data to the name of the person, or on this basis. Start advertising to you, or sell the data to someone else."

Aswani made it clear that the problem is not in electronic devices, but that the information collected by the device may be illegally exploited by others and may even be sold on the open market.

"I don't want everyone to abandon these electronic devices," Aswani said. "But we must be careful when using our own data, and pay attention to protecting your information. If you can do this, electronic devices will be beneficial." harmed."

Although the study mainly looks at the number of steps, Aswani believes that artificial intelligence has a wide range of threats to the privacy of health data. "The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act turns your medical data into personal privacy, but its coverage is not as broad as you think." Aswani said, "Technology companies and other institutions are not in health insurance." Within the jurisdiction of the Portability and Accountability Act, and according to current regulations, only certain information is not allowed to be shared with others. Some companies now buy health data around. These data are supposed to be anonymous data, but the business model of these companies is to try Find the person corresponding to the data and sell the data."

Aswani is worried that with the continuous development of artificial intelligence, it will become easier for companies to obtain personal health data, and the temptation to illegally use this data will increase. Employers, lenders, credit card companies, etc. may use artificial intelligence technology to understand the customer's personal situation, such as whether they are pregnant or have a disability, etc., on the basis of discrimination against customers.

“The ideal situation is that the government will develop new laws and regulations and protect personal health data,” Aswani said. “But now the temptation to weaken these regulations is even greater. For example, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The rulemaking team is already seeking advice on enhancing information sharing. The risk is that if people don't have a clear understanding of what is happening, the rules we already have will be weakened. We lose the risk of controlling the privacy of medical data. It is becoming an established fact.

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