Culture techniques of shellfish in Thailand

Shellfish from Thailand, native to rivers, lakes and reservoirs in Southeast Asia. The meat is tender and delicious, and it is well-received by consumers in Southeast Asian countries and Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao. It is the main valuable fish for export in freshwater cultured fish.
First, the biological characteristics of the Thai shell fish fish benthic burrowing type of fish, more habitat in the water quality is clear, micro-flowing rivers, reservoirs, ponds in the bottom of the mud or grass, docile temperament, resistance to hypoxia, and more Nocturnal activities foraging; temperature range is 15 ~ 35 °C, the optimum temperature is 25 ~ 30 °C, 10 °C below a large number of deaths. Can survive in acidic waters and 15 tons of brackish water.
Thailand shell fish in the fry phase, the main food rotifers, Cladocera, copepods and benthic aquatic insects larvae and anneles. The adult stage mainly uses small fish, shrimps, molluscs, aquatic larvae and crustaceans in the water as food, and also eats some fresh animal debris. The fish is resistant to hunger and can eat for a few days after a full meal.
When cultivated artificially, shellfish in Thailand generally reach sexual maturity within one year. The smallest mature individual: the female body is more than 15 cm in length and weighs about 75 grams; the male is slightly smaller than the female. The reproductive season of this fish is from April to November every year, and from 5 to July when it breeds vigorously. It can lay eggs several times a year. It can produce 10,000 or even 20,000 eggs at a time, producing viscous eggs and laying eggs. Mostly in stone seams or tiles or in more secluded weeds.
Second, the fry breeding fry cultivation pool made of cement, per square meter pool can be placed about 1000 fry; wait until after the yolk sac absorption of fish fry, began to feed cooked egg yolk or blisters; after gradually feeding blisters, soybeans Powder, rotifers, and live worms, etc.; when grown to 2 to 3 cm, the fry must be bred in accordance with the specifications of the sub-pool, grow into 5 to 6 cm, can be placed in ponds for adult fish culture.
Third, adult fish breeding
1 Pond culture: The ponds must first be sterilized and fry can be released after the toxicity disappears. In general, 6000 to 7,000 fry can be stocked for 5 to 6 cm per acre of water. Before stocking, fry must be soaked in 1 to 2 mg/kg malachite green for 2 to 3 minutes. The feed mainly consists of live fish and shrimp, with a small amount of artificial compound feed. After one year of breeding, the standard of commercial fish can reach more than 300 grams.
2?Cage culture: When cages are cultured, the mesh size should be determined by the size of the fry to be released. Stocking densities: 500 cm of 5 cm fish species, or 60 to 80 fish species of about 100 g per cubic meter of water. The daily feeding amount accounts for 10% of the fish's weight, and the feed tray is placed at a distance of 0.3 meters from the bottom of the cage. Regular addition of antibiotics to the feed can prevent some fish diseases.

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