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Famous Tea Garden Cultivation Technology
The advantages of famous tea production are good, and the consumer demand is expanding day by day. It is the trend of tea industry development in the future. Some tea growers have had very low efficiency due to the lack of production technology. The technical measures for the cultivation and management of famous teas are introduced here. First, the higher the price of the early-stage tea tree varieties, the higher the market price in the morning and the significant economic benefits. On the whole, the tea-tree varieties had an earlier mining period than the general local group varieties, and had high yields and good tea quality. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the best cultivation of tea trees, and the early-born varieties germinate earlier and the mining period will also be earlier. Such as: white early morning, Fuding white, Fuding Dahao, Ukrainian early, welcome cream and so on. Second, fertilization technology The famous tea garden fertilization and the general tea garden fertilization is basically the same: the amount of fertilizer is 100 kg of fresh leaves for each production of pure nitrogen 4 kg, nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium ratio of 3:2:1 or 2:1:1. The number of topdressing is usually 4 times, and the amount of spring tea before fertilizer application is 50%, 30% after spring tea, and 20% in summer and autumn. In early March, early May, late July and late September, base fertilizers are applied in the fall. However, the fertilization of famous teas is more distinctive. The difference is that famous teas are mainly concentrated in spring production and require spring tea production and early spring tea production. Therefore, according to this feature to determine the fertilization technique: 1 Fertilizer period to advance the period of basal fertilizer application, the test proved that the application of basal fertilizer early, high tea yield. Base fertilizers are required to be applied before the end of October. 2 Applying Nitrogen Fertilizer According to research, nitrogen is directly involved in the synthesis of amino acids, alkaloids, glycogen, and various vitamins. It has a direct effect on the aroma, taste, freshness and color of the tea. The application amount of nitrogen should be calculated based on the application of 15 kg pure nitrogen per 100 kg dry tea. 3 The proportion of application of nitrogen in the application of nitrogen: 40% for base fertilizer, 40% for topdressing spring tea, 20% for spring tea, 30% for base tea, 40% for top dressing, and 40% for spring tea 30% after tea. 4 Reasonably arrange dressing time is sooner rather than later, top dressing before spring tea is applied before the end of February, so that part of the nitrogen can enter into the spring tea, and part of it can enter the spring tea. During the summer of mid-May, fertilizing, part of the nitrogen enters the summer tea, and most of them enter the autumn tea, ensuring that a batch of better famous teas can be obtained during the Chung Yeung Festival. Third, pruning crown training technology in the production of famous tea-based picking tea gardens, in order to maintain a good canopy, maintain the growth potential of tea trees, each year to lightly trim the tea garden. In this process, we should pay attention to three issues: 1 The pruning time The main tea plantations of famous teas are mainly based on spring tea. Summer teas are generally not used, and autumn teas are used. Therefore, tea tree pruning time can be arranged after autumn tea (from the end of April to early May) autumn tea (from late October to early mid-November) There is still a period of time away from the winter, and the roots of the tea tree are at the peak of activity. Helps absorb nutrients and restore wounds. After pruning the spring tea, the advantages of high-efficiency spring tea are fully utilized, and the canopy is restored in the summer to prepare for autumn tea production. 2 pruning degree The light pruning depth of the tea tree is generally controlled to 3 to 5 cm under the thin and thin branches of the clippings. Strong growth potential, large-leaved tea trees can be cut deeper; weak growth, leaflets can be more shallow tea trees; arbor and half arbor tea, tea trees in deep-season can cut deeper; shrubs, older tea lighter. 3 Trimmed crowns Cultivation of crowns is a comprehensive technique. Pruning reduces the area of ​​leaves in a certain period of time. At the same time, many wounds are formed, sap is lost, and many nutrients are consumed. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the nutrition management of tea trees. Specific measures: After pruning combined with ditching basal fertilizer to restore the crown, regular irrigation, promote the absorption of tea tree nutrients. Fourth, the application of tea tree growth regulator tea germination in addition to external environmental factors, the key is the endogenous plant hormones in the tea tree control, rational application of plant growth regulators, can advance tea production period, increase production and improve quality. For example, the tea tree developed by Hunan Tea Research Institute can be used as early as 10 to 12 days to increase the output of spring tea by 20%. Fifth, covering the heat insulation covering the tea garden can increase the surface temperature of the tea tree canopy, and promote the early occurrence of tea. Conditional tea farmers can build tea gardens in plastic greenhouses. Ordinary tea gardens can directly cover the mulch on tea awnings, or they can plant grasses in tea gardens in autumn and winter. The specific method of direct coverage of the tea garden is: the cover film can not be less than 20 cm from the crown of the tea canopy. Generally, when the local daily temperature is below 10°C, it begins to cover. After covering, it is necessary to pay attention to the control of the temperature in the shed and to timely remove the film or cover the film. Sixth, appropriate early spring tea to open gardens early, to be appropriate partial tender mining, when the bud burgeoning seedlings are 5% or so in accordance with the picking standards should be open for garden picking, leaving fresh leaves tender mining, after batch mining, so that both It can be used for early mining and it can also stabilize the peak of fresh leaves.