How to prevent the occurrence of empty fruit in cherry tomatoes

Cherry tomatoes, also known as mini-tomatoes, are spherical, pear-shaped, and goose-berry shaped, with red, pink, yellow, and orange colors. As a new type of fruit, cherry tomato has a small fruit shape and looks like cherries. It has good quality, rich nutrition, unique flavor, sugar content of 7-9 degrees, and is rich in carotene and vitamin C. People's love, the growing market demand, has gradually become a wide range of high-grade vegetable fruit varieties.

The appearance and quality of cherry tomato products are particularly important, requiring the appearance, flavor, etc. of the products to meet the needs of consumers. In the production, often because of the occurrence of empty fruit, it affects the quality and weight of the fruit, reduces its commodity value, and causes greater economic losses. The formation of empty fruit is due to the hypertrophy of the fruit heart, placenta, and colloidal substances in the fruit during the development of the fruit, which is not in proportion to the hypertrophy of the pericarp, and the separation of the placental tissues of the fruit creates a hollow in the sub-chamber. Causes the surface of the fruit to be ridged, the shape is not full, the heart chamber collapses, the flesh is less, and the juice is light.

In addition to the reasons of high night temperature, lack of light, and dense planting, the reason for the empty fruit was the decrease in the assimilation of cherry tomatoes and the increased consumption of assimilation materials, resulting in insufficient carbohydrates in the plants, and the inhibition of flower bud differentiation and development; Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are not enough, and fertility is insufficient. In addition, the improper application of auxin and the high temperature during flowering and young fruit, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and excessive water in the soil are also the reasons for the formation of empty fruit.

The occurrence of empty fruit is closely related to the maturity of the seed. In the process of fruit development, the role of the seed is to make the fruit hypertrophied and enriched. If the cultivation method, environment and other factors are suitable for the formation of the seed, the empty fruit will naturally decrease. The key to solving the problem of empty fruit is to create a suitable cultivation environment and cultivation methods so that the seed can develop completely.

(1) Variety selection. According to the cultivation season and cultivation methods, select suitable varieties with strong resistance, good quality and good commercial quality.

(2) Cultivate strong seedlings. Strengthen the control of environmental conditions such as temperature, light, water, and fertilizer to create external conditions conducive to plant flower bud differentiation. Temperature management is focused on the appropriate temperature difference between day and night, pay attention to the night temperature must not exceed 24-25 °C, otherwise the quality of flowers is poor. Stay at 25°C during the day and 15-18°C at night. Must have strong light and increase long lighting time. The fertilizer and water should be sufficient. The nitrogen content is 400 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg phosphor, and 500 mg/kg potassium. Moisture is fully watered so that it does not cause seedlings to grow.

(3) Proper close planting. The planting density affects the development and nutritional status of the seedlings, thereby affecting the differentiation and development of flower buds. According to the characteristics of varieties and pruning methods, select the appropriate cultivation density. Reduce the number of transplants and minimize the risk of root damage and root damage during transplantation.

(4) Rational fertilization. Basic basal fertilizer, with little or no fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used in a rational way to coordinate the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the plant. The basal fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizers. It uses 4,000 kg of fertilizer per mu, 40 kg of compound fertilizer, and 30 kg of superphosphate.

(5) Strengthen management. Water Management: Under the premise of guaranteeing normal growth, water control is the main method. Before flowering, the moisture content is kept at moderate humidity, and the soil moisture content is 65-75%. During the result period, the soil should be kept moist and the soil moisture content should be between 75-85%. Temperature management: To ensure a sufficient temperature difference between day and night, the night temperature should be lower in order to promote the conversion of sugar and reduce the consumption of breathing. In particular, about 10 days before flowering, the night temperature should be kept at 17°C, and the optimum temperature for flowering should be 23-26°C. Light: To increase the light intensity and extend the lighting time, the appropriate light intensity is 4-5 million lux. During the late growth period, the leaves should be properly picked up to enhance light and promote ventilation. If there is not enough light, artificial lighting can be added. In the late growth stage, fruit thinning and foliar dressing can be carried out.

(6) Administration of hormones. When the flowering knot is in real time, the pollination and insemination ability should be increased as much as possible to form seeds, and artificial pollination can be conducted conditionally. Hormone application time and concentration, generally on the day of flowering or 1-2 days before and after flowering, according to the temperature conditions to select the appropriate concentration, and in combination with cytokinin to promote the development of placental tissue.

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