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2. Seed processing technology before broadcast selection and drying. By removing impurities and removing pods, relatively uniform seeds were obtained; the purity of the selected pasture seeds should be above 96%, and the clarity should be above 98%. Before sowing, select sunny days for three days in order to increase the germination rate, disease resistance and uniformity of emergence.
Break the dormancy and reduce the hard real-time processing. Some pasture seeds such as alfalfa and sand-dawn have dormancy and high hardiness. In order to increase the germination ability of the seeds, the seeds may be treated before sowing, such as rinsing the seed coats, rolling with a stone or rolling with a rice mill, or adding a certain amount of sand stones to the bricks to gently rub the seeds. Seed coat rough hair. The length of rolling and rubbing time is based on the principle of rough coat and non-crushed seed coat on the surface of the seed coat. This method is suitable for the treatment of small seeds such as alfalfa and can increase the germination rate by nearly one time. For larger seeds such as red bean grass, often soaked in water at 50 °C ~ 60 °C for 30 minutes. Concentrated sulphuric acid can sometimes be used. Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to the seeds and mixed for 20-30 minutes. After the wrinkles appear in the seed coat, the seeds are washed with clean water, dried and then sown.
Seed coating and germination treatment. Before sowing, coating the pasture seeds with the drought-resistant composite seed coating agent can not only enhance the vitality of roots, improve the drought resistance of seeds, but also prevent the pests and diseases of seedling stage; the rhizobia can be inoculated before the legume forage is sown. Combined with the coating, it can both increase the nitrogen fixation capacity of legumes and increase the germination rate of the seeds. Hard seeds such as Mexican corn with waxy membranes, soaked in warm water at 40°C for 2 to 3 days before sowing, soaked for 10 to 12 hours, and then put them at 20°C to 25°C for germination until the seeds are white After drying in a cool dry place for 6 hours, the buds will be smelted.
3. Before the fertilization and water transfer technology is sowed, organic fertilizer is applied in combination with site preparation. Generally, 1.5 to 2 tons of organic fertilizer is applied per acre. Potassium application in soil can reduce the transpiration loss of pasture seedlings to increase water use efficiency and enhance drought resistance. Generally, it is appropriate to combine 3 to 5 kg of potassium oxide per acre. When chemical fertilizers are applied, chemical fertilizers must be applied deeply to separate the seeds and fertilizers and to avoid burning seeds and young roots, which will affect seedling emergence.
4. Keeping seedlings and sowing seeding techniques In places where there is heavy snowfall or rainfall in winter, when the soil is 6 cm in depth, the grass seed can be sown directly into the permafrost layer, and the bottom pods can be used to promote the germination of the seeds. Tribulus terrestris, white clover, and sand dynasty can be used. This method is sown.
Robber sowing. In areas where there is less rainfall in spring, the thickness of the dry soil layer on the surface is 3 to 4 cm. If precipitation occurs 10 to 15 days before the conventional sowing date of pasture, the seeding time of pasture seeds can be advanced to the time of rainfall. When sowing, it is necessary to follow the broadcast. Cover and try to pat the ground surface to prevent running.
Introduce sowing seeds. If the clay is heavier or apt to plow, it is easy to form large blocks of soil and the bottom of the block is poor. Before the grass is sown 3 to 4 days, the larger pieces of soil can be broken up and pressed once with the stone rakes. Sowing, accompanied by pods, to prevent running rakes, sowing 2-3 days after sowing again, so that the lower layer of water gradually moved up, in order to help provide the seed seedlings for the soil moisture environment.
Raise sowing. For the 3 to 5 centimeters of dry soil on the surface, but with a better bottom hoe, the sorghum or repression of the plot should be lifted before sowing, so as to promote the seed germination and longevity of the forage grass and improve the drought resistance of the seedlings.
Seed sowing. The dry soil layer with a thickness of more than 5 to 6 centimeters but better bottom plow, plowed a deeper trench, sowed in the wet soil layer at the bottom of the trench, and then covered the seed with a layer of wet soil. Press and retain the furrow so that the grass seed can use the bottom bark to absorb the moisture in the lower layer of the soil to promote germination and emergence.
Sowing seeds. For ground plots with a surface soil depth of more than 10 to 12 centimeters and poor bottoms, it is necessary to maximize the use of all available sources of water to achieve rafts, and in particular to achieve better results in seedlings sowing. When sowing seeds of Mexican corn, Sorghum or European chicory, the sowing depth is generally 8 to 10 centimeters, watering 1.0 to 1.5 kilograms per hole, and sowing the seed in the hole after infiltration, then covering the soil, and then covering the wet Soil, dry soil on the back cover to promote emergence.
The success of planting pasture in the spring is mainly constrained by two major factors in environmental conditions, namely "spring drought" and "cold winter". The occurrence or interaction of any one of these two factors will result in delays in sowing time, incomplete emergence after planting, lack of seedlings and ridges, etc., and will also lead to a decline in spring planting area, which will eventually directly affect the annual agricultural pasture. Planting and production of high-quality forage grass.
Spring grass cultivation against "spring drought" technology
1. Variety Selection Techniques Based on the differences in drought resistance and cold resistance of pasture varieties, combined with the intensity and extent of the impact of spring drought on soil moisture content, the seedling grassland varieties with low tolerance to low temperature, strong seed-arching ability, and drought-resistant pasture varieties were selected. In relatively dry and infertile plots, leguminous pastures such as alfalfa, sandgrass, and turfgrass, and grasses such as tall fescue, sudangrass and sweet sorghum can be planted; plots with rich soil and high organic matter content , You can choose to plant high-yield varieties such as Mexican corn, Sorghum herb, European chicory, seed pods, and pine cone herbs.