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Affected by traditional farming practices and living habits, many farmers have abandoned or even incinerated large amounts of straw after harvest, which has caused both waste and environmental pollution. If 200 kg of straw is returned per mu of arable land, about 20% of the application of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer can be reduced, that is, about 2 kg of potassium chloride and 5 kg of superphosphate can be used less per acre of cultivated land, which can save farmers about 15 yuan per mu. Fertilizer input. However, we must pay attention to the straw can not effectively increase nitrogen fertilizer, should adjust the amount of urea when appropriate.
Saffron grass is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and was used as a large area for green manure in many places before fertilizers were applied in large amounts. The study found that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents of S. sinensis were 0.48%, 0.11%, and 0.24%, respectively. That means if 500 kilograms of safflower were used per acre of cultivated land, about 5 kilograms of urea and 5 kilograms of superphosphate could be reduced. With 2 kg of potassium chloride, farmers can save about 25 yuan per mu fertilizer input. At the same time, the method of planting red safflower is simple, and after sowing the seeds, it will be “indifferentâ€. The yield per acre is also about 1,500 kilograms, and it can also improve the soil structure. Guo Xisheng reminded that it is appropriate to use about 500 kilograms of arable land per acre. The best fertilization effect cannot be achieved with more or less use.
In addition, the application of farmyard fertilizers can also help farmers reduce fertilizer use and save costs. However, the accumulation and application method of farmyard manure is wrong, which will cause serious loss of nutrients and will not achieve effective fertility enhancement. Farmhouse fertilizers should be sealed during storage to prevent nutrient volatilization and leakage, and to allow the feces to mature, in order to increase the release rate of nutrients, kill all kinds of parasites, bacteria and weed seeds; farmyard fertilizer should generally be basal Deep application into the soil, can not be mixed and stored with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash and application.
Three ways to reduce fertilizer use
For crops to achieve high yields, the use of spring plowing is the basis. Farmers can reduce chemical fertilizers by returning straw, planting redgrass (scientific name Ziyunying), and using farmyard fertilizers in three ways.