In just half a year and $100,000, Professor David Evans of the University of Alberta in Canada used a DNA fragment ordered from a commercial company to synthesize a horsepox virus that is related to the variola virus and has been extinct in the laboratory. This "ghost virus" has returned to the world. This less than two months ago, the regulatory authorities of biotechnology research and development are worried. The experts said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter, "Do you think that the virus can be rest assured if it is destroyed in the ice bank? This is not the case. Evans' research is changing the rules of the game, and biological threats have emerged in the face of human security." How to effectively supervise and circumvent potential safety hazards and risks in biotechnology research and development? The Ministry of Science and Technology recently issued the "Biotechnology Research and Development Safety Management Measures" (hereinafter referred to as "Management Measures"), 14 regulations stipulate efforts to standardize biotechnology research and development activities To promote and guarantee the healthy and orderly development of biotechnology research and development activities. Biotechnology misuse and abuse are prone to occur The low threshold, easy operation, and lack of specifications provide convenient conditions for biotechnology enthusiasts to operate. Unlike Evans's background in virus research, John Susa did not receive formal research training at all, but this did not prevent him from mastering the most powerful molecular biology tools in decades. Sussa has been able to manipulate the CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology in in vitro experiments. This technology has been available for five years and it can target DNA. Next, he hopes to try this method in yeast, and then use it in the model plant Arabidopsis. Try to use CRISPR/Cas technology to rewrite genes. You don't need special biochemistry knowledge or skills, and don't need too much money and time. As long as you are interested, you can buy nucleic acid fragments of synthetic organisms, be a biological amateur or even a creature. Hacking is not difficult. "Several people, a few simple devices, and access to technology from the Internet, biosynthesis can be achieved under very simple conditions." The relevant personnel of the Ministry of Science and Technology Social Development Science and Technology Department said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter that "the threshold is low and easy." The current situation of operation and lack of specifications provides convenient conditions for biotechnology enthusiasts to operate. There has always been a risk of misuse, abuse or abuse in biotechnology research and development. In 2001, Australian scientists introduced the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene into mousepox virus in the development of mouse contraceptive vaccine. The mousepox virus introduced into IL-4 accidentally became a highly pathogenic virus, making the mouse vaccination vaccine. The mouse is 100% fatal. "This is a typical example of inadvertently turning attenuated strains into virulent strains," said the relevant expert. If the story of the Australian rat pox virus vaccine is long and old, then the 2011 American and Dutch scientists' genetic modification of the H5N1 avian influenza virus and the creation of a new virus are fresh and close at hand. What kind of changes around the H5N1 virus will make it spread from person to person. The above research team found that as long as the H5N1 gene has several mutations, the "new virus" can be obtained in mammals. Spread between. Immediately after the results were published, they caused great concern and concern from the international community. "Biotechnology has a 'dual use' that is a double-edged sword." The above experts told reporters that "biotechnology research and development personnel must actively forge sharp edges while at the same time, potential biosafety risks and risks must be traced from all links. Strict supervision." "Standing biotechnology research and development behavior, safeguarding national bio-safety and social public interest is a problem that the Chinese government has always attached importance to." Relevant experts told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that in 1993, the National Science and Technology Commission issued the first biosafety. Regulations - "Genetic Engineering Safety Management Law", "The starting point was the management of recombinant DNA technology, and the main purpose was to regulate the use of genetically modified organisms in a closed state. It seems that the method is too principled and lacks practical operability. ". Hierarchical management to prevent security risks Divided into three levels according to the degree of potential risk, as long as serious hazards are involved, they must be managed according to the requirements of high risk levels. "The newly introduced "Administrative Measures" specifically stipulates the hierarchical management of experimental activities, the establishment of expert committees, and the clear guidance and management of the departmental institutions, including not only avoiding the direct harm, but also clearly pointing out the possible indirect hazards, making management more specific. More comprehensive and more scientific." This expert in the field of biotechnology research believes that "the timely release of the "Management Measures" has important guiding significance for ensuring the healthy and orderly advancement of biotechnology research and development." After the SARS raging in 2003, China's research on the prevalence, spread and pathogenesis of new infectious diseases began to be paid attention to by the world, and related biosafety laboratories began to be built on a large scale. At present, China has established three biosafety four-level laboratories (hereinafter referred to as four-level laboratories) and about 50 biosafety three-level laboratories (hereinafter referred to as tertiary laboratories). According to public data, the United States has 15 four. Level laboratory and more than 1,300 tertiary laboratories. In December 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly issued the “High-level Biosafety Laboratory System Construction Plan (2016-2025)â€, planning to form 5-7 four-level laboratory construction layouts by 2025, and build a new one. Batch three-level laboratories to achieve the goal of having at least one tertiary laboratory in each province. The “Management Measures†implements hierarchical management of biotechnology research and development, which is divided into three levels according to the degree of potential risk, which is slightly different from the international four-level classification that causes human or animal harm. “The 'high risk' item corresponds to the 'serious' and 'very serious' conditions of the hazard. It is the emphasis on the safety management of the research and development subject and the simplification of the procedure. As long as serious hazards are involved, it is necessary to follow the high risk level. The requirements are managed, and it is hoped to achieve the purpose of strengthening risk management and preventing potential safety hazards of biotechnology," said the relevant personnel of the Ministry of Science and Technology. Clarify the full process risk responsibility From "research and development" to "open, transfer, industrialization, commercial application results", the entire process stipulates the content of risk management responsibility The "Administrative Measures" stipulates that the newly established National Biotechnology Research and Development Safety Management Expert Committee is mainly responsible for proposing risk level list recommendations, submitting emergency response plans, providing decision-making references and advice. Disposable Gel,Moisturizing Hand Sanitizer,Hand Sanitizer,Hand Sanitizer Dispenser Wuxi Keni Daily Cosmetics Co.,Ltd , https://www.kenidailycosmetics.com