Brief analysis of basic drugs infiltrating the grassroots to construct national drug policy

Business News Agency January 5 The National Drug Policy records the medium and long-term goals of a country's pharmaceutical industry, as well as the steps and strategies needed to achieve these goals, and gives a general framework for solving the problems in the medical field. Through the formulation, implementation, and supervision and evaluation of the national drug policy, it will help promote policy linkages and coordinated operations among government departments, and promote the cooperation between various drug policies and related policies on health, social security, prices, science and technology, finance, and taxation. Coordination.

The formulation of a national drug policy is one of the major strategies for achieving the goal of health in an overall well-to-do society. It is also one of the fundamental ways to promote the equalization of basic medical and health services, and is also in line with the trends and laws of the development of international medical and health policies. One and a half years after China’s implementation of the basic drug system, the promotion and use of essential drugs continued to penetrate the grassroots background. The author put forward a number of premature opinions on the construction of China’s national drug policy.

Comparison of national policies

At the 28th International Health Conference held in 1975, the WHO was suggested to take actions to promote the formulation of national drug policies by member countries. Since then, WHO published the first version of WHO's list of essential drugs in 1977. As of 1999, a total of 66 countries had formulated or updated national drug policies, and 156 countries had issued national essential drug lists. Among them, Kenya, India, Brazil, Australia, Sri Lanka, Peru, and other countries have become the model of national drug policy due to their innovative system and effective implementation.

Many developing countries have achieved great results in implementing the national drug policy, solving the problems of lack of medical care in underdeveloped areas and the poor, improving the availability of basic drugs for the public, and promoting the rational use of drugs.

For example, in Kenya, a national drug policy was formulated in 1994. After several years of implementation, the availability of drugs has improved, quality has improved, and drug costs have been controlled. Chad (African countries) began to formulate and implement a national drug policy in 1995, and the availability of public essential drugs has increased from 45% in 1995 to 60% in 2001. Brazil implemented its national drug policy in 1998 and encouraged the use of generic drugs, reducing the cost of treatment for some drugs by 75% to 95%. Mozambique, through its national drug policy, made the availability of drugs from 10% of the population in 1975 to 80% of the population in 2007.

Some developed countries have also achieved remarkable results in the implementation of national drug policies, in solving the financing and control of medical expenses, improving the medical insurance system, reducing the cost of medical drugs, and improving the rational use of drugs. Australia, for example, formally formulated and fully implemented the national drug policy in 2000, emphasizing that the public can obtain the required drugs at an affordable price in a timely manner, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of drugs, quality standards, rational use of drugs, and maintenance of the pharmaceutical industry. The four major goals of sustainable development. Canada’s National Drug Strategy requires the establishment of a “national prescription” based on drug safety and cost effectiveness, improving drug review procedures to promote the approval of special drugs, promoting the availability of drugs, and promoting the use of generic drugs. The availability of improved drug procurement system to promote the rational use of drugs by doctors.

Looking at the national drug policies of various countries in the world, it is generally emphasized that with the legal framework, the different contents of the national drug policy are implemented and implemented, and the activities of different subjects in the drug field are supervised. The contents of the national drug policy generally include the selection of essential drugs and the national basic drug directory system, drug research and development, production, circulation, use policies, rational use of drugs, supervision and implementation of drug policies and other elements. In the formulation and implementation of national drug policies, ensuring the availability and affordability of drugs has generally become the primary goal. The national essential drug system has become the primary system. At the same time, all countries are also concerned about how to use policy leverage to promote the development of their own pharmaceutical industry, and pay attention to how to strengthen supervision to ensure the safety and effectiveness of drugs.

In general, drug policies in developing countries are more concerned about the availability and affordability of drugs, ensuring that citizens’ health rights and interests are protected to a minimum. In terms of policy design, they focus more on drug financing, drug pricing, rational drug use, etc. Policy mechanisms to protect the public’s most basic health rights. At the same time, the drug policies of developing countries will also focus on the development of the country’s pharmaceutical industry and focus on how to reduce drug prices through policy mechanisms to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the national pharmaceutical industry. Drug policies in developed countries are more concerned with how to adopt drug policies to further optimize the allocation of medical resources and increase the economic efficiency of drug use.

The basic goal of China's national drug policy

At present, relevant departments and academic research institutions in China have conducted some theoretical discussions on the framework of the national drug policy and its constituent elements. At the same time, government departments have also issued the “National Essential Drug List” and “National Basic Medical and Industrial Injury Insurance Drug List”. In the pharmaceutical field, they have also issued corresponding basic drug policies, drug classification management policies, drug supervision and management policies, and pharmaceutical industry policies. And drug price policies, but so far, China has not yet established a complete system of national drug policy. The coverage of medical insurance needs to be further broadened. The availability of drugs for low-income people and remote areas needs to be solved urgently. Under the background of further rationalization of drug price policies, it is more necessary to formulate a framework of China's national drug policy.

The national drug policy records the medium and long-term goals of a country's pharmaceutical industry, as well as the steps and strategies needed to achieve these goals, and gives an overall framework for solving the problems in the medical field. Through the formulation, implementation, and supervision and evaluation of national drug policies, it will help promote policy linkages and coordinated operations between government departments, facilitate the coordination of various drug policies, promote the coordination of drug policies and health policies, and promote Coordination between drug policy and related policies on health, social security, prices, science and technology, finance, taxation, etc.

At the same time, relevant government departments can formulate inductive regulations, policies, plans, and other normative documents under the national drug policy framework, as well as adopt specific non-mandatory methods such as demonstrations, recommendations, advice, encouragement, promotion, and restrictions. Set appropriate incentive measures to guide and promote healthy and healthy development of China's pharmaceutical industry.

First, the availability of essential drugs can be increased.

National drug policy as a set of policy objectives in the field of drugs is a guide to future behavior. Its primary objective is to improve the availability and affordability of essential medicines by ensuring the improvement and improvement of the state's essential medicine system, and ensuring public health rights and interests. It is necessary to standardize the selection system for essential medicines in the country, and to formulate and update the national essential medicine list. Improve the basic medical equipment allocation and use system in medical institutions, strengthen the training and guidance of medical personnel, promote the use of essential drugs that are safe, effective, reliable, and reasonably priced, and standardize clinical drug use behaviors through the “formula” and “standard treatment guidelines”. Improve the rational use of drugs.

In addition, we must establish a production supply and quality assurance system for essential drugs, improve the distribution system for pharmaceuticals, ensure the production and supply of essential drugs for the treatment of common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and diseases that endanger public health, and ensure that the public can obtain safe and effective drugs in a timely manner. Treatment allows the public to access basic medicines quickly and with multiple channels and improve the availability of drugs.

Through the establishment of a national essential medicine system, a price management system for essential medicines has been established to ensure the rationality of the price of essential medicines and to keep prices within the reach of the people. In addition, through the improvement of the basic drug payment and reimbursement mechanism of the medical insurance system, the application of essential medicines for the masses of the people will be guaranteed, and the overall residents' affordability for drugs will be raised.

Second, it can promote the development and innovation of the pharmaceutical industry.

Article 21 of the "Constitution of the People's Republic of China" stipulates: "The state shall develop modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine." Article 3, paragraph 1, of the "People's Republic of China Drug Administration Law" states: "The state shall develop modern medicine and traditional medicine and give full play to it. The role of prevention, medical care and health care.” One of the important goals of the national drug policy is to lay a policy framework for promoting the development and innovation of China’s pharmaceutical industry. The national drug policy sets targets for research and development of new drugs, medical devices, drug prices, and drug distribution. It focuses on the research, development, and production of pharmaceuticals in the modern social context of industrialization, urbanization, globalization, and informatization. All relevant subjects, including operators, operators and users, set policy objectives and behavioral guidance, so as to actively create an open and fair market environment and vigorously promote the pharmaceutical industry to achieve sustained, rapid and healthy development.

Third, further strengthen and standardize drug supervision and management.

The strengthening and regulation of drug supervision and management will help ensure the formulation and implementation of national drug policies. At the same time, it will also promote the construction of supervision and management infrastructure, promote the improvement of drug regulatory capabilities, and the improvement of drug regulatory efficiency and performance, so as to improve the regulatory technology support system and laws and regulations, and provide institutional and legal guarantees for the safety and effectiveness of people's drug use.