Feeding Management Techniques for Winter Cows

1, cowhouse temperature

Cows are not cold and heat-resistant, but cold has a certain limit. The most suitable temperature for dairy cows is 12°C～14°C. The most suitable temperature for pregnant cows and lactating dairy cows is 16°C～20°C; the temperature of lactating dairy cows is higher than 24°C. Or lower than -4°C, the milk production is reduced; the most suitable temperature for calves is 35°C to 38°C.

2, adjust the barn humidity

After all the cows have entered the pens, care must be taken to ensure that the cowhouse is well ventilated and the humidity is not too high. The relative humidity should not exceed 55%. If the humidity is too high, there will be a strong external stimulus to the cow, which will affect its milk production. In severe cases, it will also infect some fungal diseases.

3, drinking water temperature

Lactating cows drinking temperature: 1 ordinary drinking water temperature: cold water for the cooling factor, cows drink cold water is the body heat energy consumption, affecting milk production, such as drinking water below 8 °C, the milk production was significantly reduced. In winter, the drinking temperature of dairy cows is maintained at 9°C to 15°C. Compared with cows drinking 0°C to 2°C water, they can produce 0.57 liters of milk per day, which means that the milk production rate is increased by 8.7%. 2 Congee temperature: In the winter, the cows are fed with hot porridge at about 38°C, which can enhance cold resistance and increase the milk production rate by 10%. 3 Drinking wheat bran water temperature: The cow feels thirsty after losing a lot of water due to loss of postpartum, and the body temperature is lower. At this time drink bran water instead of drinking water, the temperature is higher than body temperature 1 °C ~ 2 °C, there is added body fluids, warm body effect.

4, Yak drinking temperature

General drinking water temperature: calf body temperature is higher than that of adult cattle, so the drinking water temperature should be higher than adult cattle, general drinking water to 35 °C ~ 38 °C is appropriate. Calf milk temperature: When calf is artificially breast-feeding, no matter milk or regular milk, it should be fed and cooled to 35°C-37°C after heating and sterilizing. High or low has adverse effects.

5, feed diversification

After entering the winter, feed ratios should be adjusted in time to diversify. In terms of supply of concentrate feed, the protein feed will not change, and the supply of corn will increase by 20% to 50%, thus increasing the proportion of energy feed; in the aspect of roughage, it is best to feed silage, micro-feed or brewer's grains, etc. Instead of summer and autumn cows eat green juicy feed.

6, do a good job in breeding

Dairy cows are usually "summer with spring, winter with autumn", winter mating pregnant, can avoid hot summer calving, and help dairy cows get high yield. Therefore, dairy farmers should seize the golden opportunity in the winter to do a good job of breeding cows, increase the rate of quaternization, and lay a good foundation for the successful birth and healthy growth of new calves.

7, brush cattle body

Brushing the body of the cow not only keeps the cow clean, but also promotes skin blood circulation and metabolism, helps regulate body temperature and enhances disease resistance. Therefore, brush each morning and evening twice a day, every 3 to 6 minutes, carefully brushing all parts of the body, not omissions.

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