A spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure spectral components of a physical phenomenon. Spectrometer is a broad term often used to describe instruments that measure a continuous variable of a phenomenon where the spectral components are somehow mixed. In visible light a spectrometer can separate white light and measure individual narrow bands of color, called a spectrum. A mass spectrometer measures the spectrum of the masses of the atoms or molecules present in a gas. The first spectrometers were used to split light into an array of separate colors. Spectrometers were developed in early studies of physics, astronomy, and chemistry. The capability of spectroscopy to determine chemical composition drove its advancement and continues to be one of its primary uses. Spectrometers are used in astronomy to analyze the chemical composition of stars and planets, and spectrometers gather data on the origin of the universe.
Examples of spectrometers are devices that separate particles, atoms, and molecules by their mass, momentum, or energy. These types of spectrometers are used in chemical analysis and particle physics.
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Green treasures of purple hydrangea
The purple hydrangea is a deciduous tree of Violetaceae. It is a very rare new green seedling. It is native to Mexico, Cuba and Central America and is now widely cultivated in the tropics. However, only a few units in our country are introduced and cultivated. The purple hydrangea trunk is up to 10 to 20 meters in length with longitudinal cracks. Palmate compound leaves opposite. The inflorescences of the corymba are terminal and the flowers are large and numerous. The corolla is purple at the beginning, funnel-shaped, and covered with short hairs; it turns pink to near-white during aging. Its flower shape and color resemble the shrub of the honeysuckle branch or the herbal flower hydrangea of ​​the Saxifragaceae family. Seeds thinly discoid, elliptic, with 2 transparent broad wings. Purple hydrangea sometimes blooms twice a year in southern China. The flowering period is from April to May and from October to December. The inflorescences are gradually opened, and each flowering period can last for 1 to 2 months. The fruit ripening period is in summer or winter, but due to insufficient accumulated temperature in South China, the seed setting rate is less. The deciduous period of purple hydrangea is from January to March in South China. Purple hydrangea is a top grade ornamental tree in the garden due to its beautiful color and tree shape. Shade trees or street trees can be used in parks, courtyards, scenic lawns, ponds or trunk roads, suitable for solitary or planting. The reproduction of purple hydrangea can be achieved by sowing and cutting. Sowing is generally used more often in the country of origin. Seedlings grow well in Guangzhou. The cutting of purple hydrangea should be carried out during the peak season of April to May. Usually 1 to 2 years old shoots have a higher survival rate. Purple Hydrangea grows to a temperature of 23 to 30°C due to its native tropical Africa, high temperature, high humidity, and a sunny environment. Deep, fertile, well-drained neutral to slightly acidic soils that are resistant to drought, moisture, poor soil and low temperatures. When planting, deep digging should be performed, and the base fertilizer must be applied. Fertilizer should be applied once every two to three months in the growing season. Purple Hydrangea has strong resistance and fewer pests and diseases occur.