Early summer is the best season for hatching ducks. The fireball hatching method is a traditional hatching method for poultry eggs in northern China. It can be used for both family and scale hatchery and is suitable for small-scale production of rural duck farmers. Egg disinfection Use 1% hydrogen chloride solution or iodine solution (iodine 5g, potassium iodide 8g, water 1000ml), soak the eggs for 10-15 minutes. After fully drying, incubate. When the solution temperature is 35-40°C, The dipped egg can be preserved for 3-5 days and the fumigation is based on the standard of 1 cubic meter with 40% formalin 23 ml and potassium permanganate 5 g. Place the egg tray full of eggs on the disinfecting rack, then cover the disinfecting rack with plastic film, then pour the formalin into the pot on the floor, pour potassium permanganate, and immediately seal it. The eggs can be hatched after removing the eggs within half an hour. Incubator and indoor equipment The main equipment includes fire pits, booths, straw mats, quilts and fences, etc. The main fuels are coal fire, waste wood and straw. Fire pits are required to be built from adobe, height 65 cm, width 200 cm, length depending on the condition of the house. A stove door is set at one end of the long axis of the fire, and a chimney is set at the other end. In order to facilitate the operation of turning eggs, 80-100 cm walkways are set along both sides of the long axis of the fire, and both operate at the same time. The thickness of the slushing mud is about 15 cm thick near the end of the stove door. The tip of the stalk is slightly thinner near the end of the chimney, which is 6 cm. Put a 3-5 cm thick straw, wheat straw, or chaff on the surface, then spread the mat. Eggs are placed on a straw mat surrounded by fences and covered with quilts. The bed is the place where the eggs are kept after hatching. Spreading beds are generally made of bamboo and require strong and durable bedplates that are not easily deformed. In the fireball hatching, the spreader bed is often erected on top of a fire pit. According to the scale of production and the size of the house, it can be set between 1 and 2 floors. The distance between the two floors is convenient for operation. Spread the husks and mats on the stalls, then lay eggs and cover the quilts. Incubation process and management On the first step, enthusiasm; in the second step, shift into the warmth; in the third step, shift into the upper level; in the fourth step, shift into the lower level and take out the cone, the room temperature should be maintained at 27-30°C, and keep the shell at 30-34°C. The surface temperature is 37.8-38.6°C. Usually check the temperature once every 30 minutes. Days 1-7 are hatched on enthusiasm, Days 8-14 are on Wenyin, and on Days 15-21, they are on the market and on Days 22-28, they are on the market. Burning the fire under the armpit warms the buckwheat noodles and keeps the quilts covered. Use quilts or temperature adjustments on the booth. The relative humidity can be measured with a wet and dry ball table. The indoor relative humidity during the incubation period was arranged as follows: 70% on days 1-8, 60-65% on days 9-16, 50-55% on days 17-24, and 65-70% on days 25-28. In this way, the initial relative humidity is high, which can avoid excessive evaporation of water in the egg. In the medium term, more moisture needs to be removed. Relative humidity is required to be low, and the humidity in the later period is increased, which facilitates hatching of the ducklings. From the first day of duckling hatching until the young duck hatched, one day and night can turn eggs 6-8 times, depending on the circumstances to turn more appropriate. Turning the egg can change the position of the embryo, promote the movement of the embryo, heat evenly, and prevent the adhesion of the embryo to the eggshell. When it is found that the temperature is high and the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers, the center and the edge is large, the egg is immediately turned, the position is changed, and the temperature is adjusted. On the 26th day, the egg is erected to facilitate the ducklings to break the shell. Fire eggs hatching turn eggs by hand, must be careful to minimize the rate of damage. On the 5th, 13th, and 24th days of hatching, 1 egg was taken. Looking through the lights or sunlight, pick out lean and dead eggs. It is also possible to distinguish dead eggs from egg temperature and egg color. Hands feel cold or the eggs are black at the tip of the embryo is dead, can be readily handed out. The incubator should be ventilated and ventilated to ensure that the embryos often breathe fresh air and increase hatchability. The purpose is to help the embryo radiate heat and breathe fresh air. Duck eggs contain more fat, and the calories generated with the development of the embryo increase. If the temperature is improper, it will easily lead to death. Day 7-15, cool eggs 3-5 times/day; 15-20 days, 5-7 times/day, 20-27 days, 10 times/day. Every 15 minutes to 20 minutes, it is also possible to cool eggs once every morning and evening, so that the egg temperature can be reduced to 32-34°C and returned to normal temperature after about 1 hour. The water was sprayed on the 7th day after the duck eggs were hatched, sprayed 2-6 times a day, sprayed every 2 hours on the 24-25th day, sprayed once every hour on the 26th to 27th days, and sprayed on the 7th to 22nd days. The water was finely sprayed and drip-like on the 23rd to 27th day. The water droplets were evenly sprayed on the egg surface. When the egg temperature is high, you cannot spray water immediately. The usual spray temperature is 40°C, and it is advisable to maintain the normal temperature after spraying. After egg surface moisture evaporates, it is covered again. Normal hatching begins on the 26th day and begins shelling, and ends on the 28th day. At this time, hairy ducklings and eggshells should be removed every 2-3 hours.
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