Pepper is an essential ingredient on the Chinese table. The strong aroma can stimulate the food more delicious, so planting pepper is also a daily task for farmers. Especially in Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places to eat spicy, pepper planting technology is a hot spot of concern! 1 Temperature requirements The seed germination temperature of pepper seeds is 25~30°C, and it is not easy to germinate below 15°C; the suitable growth temperature of seedlings is 25~27°C during the day and 18~20°C at night. The soil temperature should be above 18 °C. 2 sowing date The sowing date is determined according to local climatic conditions, cultivation methods, and the like. The seedling age of the low temperature season is 70~80d, and the seedling age of the high temperature season is 25~30d. The northern spring planting is planted in late January, and the autumn planting is usually planted in the middle and late July. 3 seed treatment Before sowing, select the seeds without pests and soak them in 55 °C warm water for 15 min, stir constantly, or soak them in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 30 min, then soak them in warm water for 5~6 h, then remove the seeds and drain them. Wrap it in a clean wet gauze and place it at 27~30°C for germination. Rinse with warm water once a day during germination, and sown after 3~4d, 80% of the seeds are white. 4 seedlings 30~35d after sowing, when there are 2~3 true leaves in the seedlings, use nutrient paper bags or nutritious clods. Can be divided into single seedlings or double seedlings, must choose seedlings of uniform size. 5 seedbed management 5.1 Temperature and humidity management Maintain high humidity within 7 days after seedling, promote root growth, maintain 25~30°C during the day, and ground temperature 18~20°C; reduce the temperature properly after slow seedling, keep 20~25°C during the day and 15~17°C during the day to ensure The seedlings grow vigorously and prevent the length of the seedlings; 10 to 15 days before planting, according to the principle of less ventilation on cloudy days, more ventilation on sunny days, and no ventilation on rainy days, low-temperature refining is carried out to make the seedlings strong, tidy and not long. 5.2 Water and fertilizer management After the seedlings are slowed down, the seedlings are generally not watered. After the heart leaves begin to grow, they are properly watered according to the soil moisture. Do not flood the water, keep the soil dry and wet. In the middle and late growth of seedlings, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea solution can be sprayed several times to ensure the robust growth of seedlings and promote flower bud differentiation. 5.3 Strong seedling standards When planting, the seedling height is 18~25cm, with 9~14 true leaves, cotyledons intact, large and thick leaves, large flower buds and roots developed. 6 Chick pepper seedlings are prone to problems and solutions 6.1 Slow emergence or no emergence (1) Reason: During the nursery process, it should be ensured that the emergence of seedlings is uniform after sowing. In production, there are often problems such as long emergence time, untidy emergence or no emergence of seedlings. The main reasons are low seed quality, irregular germination, over-thickness or uneven thickness, insufficient soil temperature and excessive soil moisture. (2) Prevention method: Before soaking seeds, it is necessary to select seeds, remove the mites, and then soak them in warm water for 5~6h. After soaking seeds, germination should be carried out at 25~30°C; the amount of irrigation should not be too large when sowing, otherwise the soil is too wet, soil Low temperature, low emergence rate; uniform soil thickness after sowing is 0.5~1.0cm; soil temperature should not be lower than 17~18°C during emergence, about 25°C. 6.2 秧苗徒长 (1) Reason: The seedlings are tall, the seeds are too dense, the humidity is too high, the light is insufficient, the bed temperature is too high, etc., resulting in long seedlings, slender and thin stems, thin leaves, soft tissue, and less roots. (2) Prevention methods: dilute the planting, control the humidity in the field; morning seedlings, rare seedlings, early seedlings; before planting, remove the cover, increase the light intensity during the day, and reduce the bed temperature. If the seedlings have a long-lasting phenomenon, the leaves can be sprayed with 200mg/kg of chlormequat, and sprayed twice at the seedling stage to control the growth of the seedlings, increase the stem thickness, and promote root development. It is advisable to spray chlormequat in the morning and evening, and it can be properly ventilated after spraying. It is forbidden to water the seedbed within 1~2 days after spraying. 6.3 Improper seedlings cause dead seedlings (1) Reason: When seedlings are used, the seedlings are too much, and the seedlings lose too much water and are difficult to recover and die. Before the seedlings, the seedlings are not well developed, the roots are few, and the seedlings are too late, resulting in root damage and weak root absorption. A dead seedling has occurred. (2) Prevention method: When starting the seedling, try to reduce the roots as much as possible, and bring more bed soil. The seedlings should not be too much at one time; the seedlings should be small and should not be large, so as to increase the survival rate; 6.4 Seedling disease Seedling diseases mainly include rickets, blight, gray mold and so on. Seeds and bed soil should be disinfected, and seedbed insulation and ventilation management should be strengthened. When the condition is discovered, the central diseased plant is immediately removed, and the drug is sprayed. These three diseases are fungal diseases, and can be controlled by chlorothalonil, methyl thiophanate, and polymyxin. In low temperature and rainy weather, it is best to use powder to mix some ash or dry soil to prevent and control. In addition, after the cover is removed before planting, the rainwater directly on the seedlings is prone to scab. The scab is a bacterial disease, and the rain is easy to cause a pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in rain prevention during the whole seedling stage. Do not let the rain directly pour on the seedlings. The above is the key point of the pepper seedlings that Huinong.com has compiled for people in need. The seedlings are an important part of pepper production. The management of seedling stage is the prerequisite for high yield. In recent years, with the gradual expansion of pepper planting area, the problems in the pepper breeding stage are also increasing. Therefore, the pepper farmers must take a good look at the above key measures in the process of pepper seedlings! More related technologies about pepper cultivation are on this site, welcome to continue to pay attention! Changzhou Ziying Metal Products Co., Ltd , https://www.ziyingmetal.com
