Response to greenhouse vegetables in hazy weather

Recently, the continuous haze in North China has caused weak light and low temperatures in vegetable greenhouses, which has become a key factor affecting the growth of vegetables. Many vegetables have problems such as yellow leaves, dry tips, growth point rot, root picking, fruit drop, and serious diseases. In this regard, vegetables in protected areas should be managed by the following measures.

1. Keep seedlings on existing vegetables in the greenhouse. In the greenhouse during the day as long as the temperature reaches 18 °C above, for a short period of time (20 minutes) of ventilation, leaves no dew on the spray can be sprayed, to add silicone additives to improve the absorption and utilization of pesticides. Take cucumber and tomato for example, control downy mildew, blight, and gray mold can spray 60% Baitai + 5% methobiocin + 72% agricultural streptomycin, every 2 to 3 days with 5% chlorothalonil Smoke agent or 10% fast-kerosene smoke agent was closed fumigation in the evening to reduce the occurrence of disease development. Do not water the vegetables that need to be watered in cloudy weather. Spray the foliar fertilizers to supplement the nutrients and water them after sunny days. For the formation of "flower topping" cucumber can be appropriate to sparse melons, yellow leaves taken out of the outside, timely spraying or fumigation, reduce the artificial removal of the leaves caused by wounds aggravated the occurrence of diseases.

2. Management after continuous cloudy and sunny days. Over 5 to 7 days in continuous cloudy days, it is prone to phlegm phenomenon. In some areas, hazy days are more than half a month. Most vegetable roots have different levels of rust roots, and there are almost no white roots that can absorb nutrients. If there is a half-cloudy weather that gradually raises the temperature, the damage to the seedlings will be less, and if it is suddenly sunny, it must take appropriate measures. (1) When the temperature in the shed rises to 23°C and ventilation is started, the leaves can be sprayed with white sugar and vinegar (50 grams each) and diluted 150 times, or foliar fertilizer and sugar can be sprayed on the leaves to increase the air humidity and slow down the snoring phenomenon. When the temperature rises above 26°C, snoring can be used again to cover the grass cover, covering 2/3 of the shed. When the seedlings return to normal, they are rolled up in time. The next day, we must observe the performance of the seedlings. If there is burping, we can spray chlorothalonil + streptomycin + brassinolide to reduce the occurrence of diseases and promote the rooting of seedlings. (2) In case the seedlings need to be watered, do not water them suddenly in sunny days. When the temperature of 10 centimeters rises to above 16°C and then pour water, try to increase the ground temperature. (3) increase the temperature. After sunny days, as long as the seedlings do not fight, small winds will be blown in around 23°C in the morning. When the temperature drops 1.5°C~2°C, the air outlets will be shut off, and when the temperature rises above 28°C, the air will be ventilated again. If the sky is still ventilated at 23°C, the temperature will only drop by 1°C to 1.5°C. The time will not be long enough for the aircrew to recover without using the air outlet. However, when the temperature reaches 30°C at midday, the air volume must be increased. In the afternoon, when the temperature drops to 25°C, close the tuyere. If the temperature rises by 1°C~2°C, it will help to increase the temperature and store heat, which is beneficial to the growth of the root system.

API Products

An active substance is the main active ingredient in a drug. Take a simple aspirin for example. Acetyl salicylic acid is synthesized through chemical process and purified to a specified purity. The synthesis of acetyl salicylic acid is made by adding various excipients, such as fillers, adhesives, disintegrating agents, etc., and then pressing it into tablets. The production of apis is generally either pure chemical synthesis, biological fermentation, or semi-synthesis, with biological fermentation followed by extraction followed by synthesis. Not all pharmaceutical enterprises make API by themselves, and many manufacturers do not have the scale to produce API. Even if there is large-scale production, the cost of production may be much higher than that of procurement. Therefore, most manufacturers buy bulk drugs, and then make preparations, so that the production of drugs can be completed without a very large scale. At present, China and India have become the two largest API producers in the world. Many European and American pharmaceutical companies, even some of their own original drugs, will give up the production of API as the patent expires and the market matures, and turn to purchase apis from China and India,API production generally go through laboratory, generated through laboratory bottle container canister, taking after successful, pilot magnification, which is to enlarge the quantity of the production, then no problem tends to be faced with a lot of small scale experiment, a very simple example, the heating process, due to the relatively small amount in the laboratory, uneven heating cases is less, But if it is scaled up to a few tons of pot, at this time the heating may be not hot in this place, where the paste pot, at this time you need to stir, but the speed of mixing is appropriate, this process needs to calculate or grope. Finally from the pilot test, and then to the formal production, the volume of further amplification, and will face a lot of new problems. Therefore, although some drugs are generic, the research and development of the whole process from small test, pilot test to the final mass production is indispensable, so even generic drugs have very high research and development costs.

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