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Symptoms of the whole plant disease, can be infected from the seedling stage to adult plants, the field symptoms are complex and diverse in type, can be roughly classified into four types of cluster type, mosaic type, necrosis type and yellow type, from the type of birth and mosaic type Mainly. Symptoms of clustered disease are characterized by severe atrophy, leaf curling and crunching, and dwarfing in clusters. The most characteristic feature of mosaic-type diseased plants is that the leaves, especially the young leaves, are unevenly mottled, mosaic-like, and the leaves are not flattened. The seed strains are less fertile and the grains are not full.
Pathogens The pathogens are viruses, which are caused by a variety of viruses that are singly or in combination. The known sources of poisons in China are at least Broad bean wilt virus (abbreviated as BBWV, approximately 70%), Beet mosaic virus (abbreviated as BMV, approximately 20%), Cucumber mosaic virus (abbreviated as CMV, approximately 10%), and cockroach. There are five types of mosaic virus (TuMV) and spinach virus (STW). In addition, there may be lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), spinach mosaic virus (SCMV) and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV).
The characteristics of the disease? The source of spinach virus in the northern area, mainly from protected areas of spinach disease, field weeds and perennial woody plants; in the southern area, a variety of vegetables and weeds in the field can become the initial invasion of the disease The source of the virus was infected, but the spinach virus was only transmitted through the seed and the virus was highly infected. Generally, it was more than 90%. The remaining 4 viruses can all rely on sap rubbing and aphid transmission. The temperature of most viruses is 28°C, and the optimal temperature is 22～30°C. Therefore, the weather is hot and drought, especially during the high temperature and drought during the seedling stage. The virus often occurs early and is heavy. Any weather and field ecological conditions conducive to locust breeding and winged migration will promote the occurrence of spinach virus disease. In addition, the early sowing of spinach in autumn and winter is more serious than that of late sowing; the incidence of spinach in neighboring cabbages, radishes, peppers, and tomato fields is also heavier; the seeds are too thin, the drought at seedling stage, or the fertilizer is insufficient, or the weeds breed. All the land masses were heavier. There are certain differences in disease resistance among varieties. Sicha No. 10 (a hybrid generation in Beijing) was resistant to the virus disease; the Boron hybrid No. 15 was slightly less resistant than the No. 10, and the Spinal 18 showed some resistance. In addition, foreign hybrids, such as U.S. precocious hybrid No. 7, Gold Award, and Miaoqu, exhibited anti-cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and PI-10363, both anti-wildbean wilt virus and cucumber mosaic virus, could be introduced into trials for local conditions.
Control methods
1, use resistant varieties. Adjust the sowing date. Autumn and winter spinach should be appropriately late so as to avoid the autumn hot season.
2, strengthen the cultivation of Bo-proof? 1 as far as possible to avoid with the Solanaceae, cruciferous vegetables in neighboring or intercropping. 2 Apply base fertilizer, timely top dressing and foliar spray, promote early growth of plants, strong but not over-prosperous, stable and stable. 3 Moderate watering to ensure that the soil is dry and wet at the seedling stage and in the early growth stage, and is not harmed by the drought and flood. 4 Eradicate field weeds completely. 5 timely removal of the affected strain.
3, spray the drug to prevent phlegm boar? Before sowing, pay attention to kill the locust on the nearby vegetable fields and weeds, especially before the winter is more necessary. The condition can be avoided by using silver gray film or by yellow plates; the spinach can grasp the stage of the aphid to shoot in time. At the beginning of the disease, spray 20% of virus A WP 500 times, or 1.5% of phytopathogenic Ling emulsion 1 000 times, or of antiviral No. 1 300 times, spray 2 or 3 times, once every 7-10 days. .
Spinach virus disease
Spinach virus disease is a common disease of spinach.