Spring sown corn and silage corn, grasp the key points of cultivation, and ensure a good harvest

In recent years, with the adjustment of the planting industry structure and the development of animal husbandry, the planting area of ​​spring corn and silage corn has become larger and larger. In order to increase the yield of spring sown corn and silage corn, the main points of cultivation techniques are summarized as follows:
1. Variety selection Choose high-quality varieties such as Zhengdan 958, Longping 206, Jundan 20, and Liyu 16 in areas north of the Huaihe River. For areas along the Huaihe River and south of the Huaihe River, choose the waterlogging-tolerant and density-tolerant Longping 206, or choose the rust-resistant, large-spike Zhongke No. 4, Ludan 981 and other fine varieties.
The silage corn varieties include: Yayu Silage No. 8, Zheng Silage No. 1, Huqing No. 1 and other varieties or ordinary corn Nongda 108.
2. Optimum germination temperature for seeding corn is 28℃～35℃, and the lowest germination temperature is 8℃～10℃. Generally, it is more suitable for sowing when the temperature of 5～10cm soil layer is stable at 10℃～12℃.
It is advisable to sow from the end of March to mid-April in most parts of northern my country. The ground temperature is low and the moisture content is poor, so it should be planted in depth, with a soil covering of 5-6 cm; otherwise, it should be planted in shallow, with a soil covering of 3 to 4 cm. Sandy ground is deeper, and clay ground is shallower.
After sowing, it should be suppressed in time, especially for plots with poor moisture content and more soil and sandy soil. Suppression after sowing is more important.
Silage corn can be sown at the end of July at the latest in autumn. In order to avoid the hazards of rough dwarf disease, corn should not be planted during the period from late April to early June. If planted, the control of Laodelphax striatellus should be strengthened.
3. Reasonable dense planting density varies with varieties and soil fertility levels. Grasp the principles that early-maturing varieties should be dense, late-maturing varieties should be thin, fertile soil should be dense, and thin soil should be thin. Generally 4000 to 4500 plants are planted per mu. The row spacing is 60cm, and the plant spacing depends on the density.
Most silage corn has tall plants, luxuriant stems and leaves, and often tillers, but it is mainly for harvesting vegetative bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to dense planting to obtain high yield. The flat dwarf hybrids are planted with about 4000 plants per mu; the compact hybrids are about 5500 plants.
The sowing quality should ensure that the corn seedlings are evenly distributed in the field, and there are no missing seedlings to break ridges.
4. Scientific fertilization. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and seed fertilizer. Generally, 1000-2000kg organic fertilizer and 35-45kg compound fertilizer are applied per acre. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are all used as base fertilizer, and 50% of the total nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer. Fertilization after jointing, the amount accounted for 50% of the total nitrogen, promote the growth of stalks and ears.
5. Field management in the seedling stage, do a good job of checking seedlings and supplementing seedlings in time. Seedlings can be seen during the period of 3 to 4 leaves and fixed seedlings can be seen during the period of 6 to 7 leaves. After Qi Miao, spray lambda-cyhalothrin to control cutworms and armyworms. After corn emergence, spray pymetrozine to control Laodelphax striatellus and prevent rough dwarf disease.
When the soil moisture is sufficient, spray acetochlor before seedling after sowing the corn for closed weeding. Or spraying mesotrione herbicides on corn seedlings at the 2 to 5 leaf stage (weeds at 3 to 5 leaf stage) to weed the stems and leaves. Sprinkle 1.5 kg of 3% phoxim granules per acre into the heart leaves during the bell-mouth period to prevent corn borer.
6. The mature external appearance of corn harvested in the right time is that the ear bracts become dry, fluffy and white; the filling line disappears; the black layer of the root of the kernel is formed. The harvest of silage corn generally has a moisture content of 70% to 75% during the wax maturity stage, that is, from the galaxy stage to the 1/4 milk stage, that is, the milk line moves down to the half to 3/4 stage of the grain. The best quality. During the harvest period, it is easy to increase the water content in case of rain, so it should be dried in time to reduce the water content.

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