squash

Zucchini is a vegetable that is relatively low-temperature resistant and not resistant to high temperatures in cucurbits. The suitable temperature for growth and development is 15 to 29°C, poor growth is below 15°C, and growth stops at 10°C. Flower growth below 15 °C and above 32 °C is not normal and it is easy to fall. It is susceptible to viral disease when it is dried at high temperatures, and is heavy when it is hot and humid. Flowering results in 20 ~ 25 °C is appropriate.

Zucchini has a well-developed root system, strong absorption, early and concentrated melons, fast fruit and melon growth, and requires deep soil, loose and fertile loam, and must be supplied with sufficient fertilizer and water.

Cultivation methods and techniques

The open field summer squash is planted once a year and harvested in spring. In recent years, the early-maturing zucchini covered by small sheds has developed rapidly, the cultivated area has gradually expanded, and the area with long frost-free period has begun to try to plant autumn zucchini.

(A) open roots and mulch cultivation Zucchini Seedlings of the main root growth of the seedlings, root recovery after root growth is poor, and leaf transpiration, the general method of seedling transplanting the effect is not satisfactory, so the lively Zucchini mainly live. From mid-April to early May in April, sow 10 to 15 days before the frosting, planting enough basal fertilization and soil preparation, 2 m wide and 1 m deep, 4 to 5 cm deep ditch, and 40 to 50 cm hole distance after watering. Sowing, sowing 2 to 3 seeds per hole. After the sowing, the covered trench will be ridged, and after a week or so, the ridge will be flattened to facilitate seedling emergence.

Seedlings during the seedlings 1 or 2 times, cultivating several times, promote root growth. Female flowers are usually not watered before they bloom, and when the flowers bloom, a small amount of water is poured before flowering to promote the growth of stalks. Most of the plant female flowers have been thanked, the root melon has 6 ~ 10cm long watering topdressing, after 5 to 6 days pouring a water, and gradually transitioned to 2 to 3 days pouring a water. Saguai top-dressing 2 to 3 times, promote melons, melon strips developed quickly, and prevent premature aging of plants, prolong melon period.

Film squash can be seeded or transplanted live. In the live broadcast, the zucchini is sowed about one week earlier than the open field; the seedlings are planted in the mid-March to mid-April, and the planting is done from the end of April to the beginning of May. After the preparation, a 60-70cm wide sorghum with a width of 40cm was used. The mulch was planted on the mulch, and each row was planted with two rows. The planting seedlings were planted at a spacing of about 40cm from each planting site, and the planting holes were planted to seal the planting water. Seedlings are dug and ditch at the seedling stage and promote rooting. Other managements refer to the open field zucchini.

Summer in the northeastern part of the country, live in the late May and around the summer live squash, or the summer squash and corn intercropping, 8 to September harvest.

(b) Small arched sheds Precooked Zucchini Cultivation of small sheds Zucchini for early maturation, multi-cultivation cultivation method, a few areas live.

When planting with a paper tube or a plastic bowl, the seedlings of the squash grow fast and have more hair roots. It is preferable to use a large container with a height of 12 to 15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm to grow large seedlings. In mid-February and early March, sow seeds are sowed in the greenhouse, covering about 2cm. Before the emergence of 25 ~ 30 °C, Qimiao began ventilation, appropriate to reduce the temperature, prevent seedlings grow up, keep 22 ~ 25 °C during the day, about 15 °C at night. After about 25°C during the daytime, the seedlings will be fully grown and developed. During the hardening period, they will be 15-22°C during the day and 8-10°C during the night. Seedling age 25 to 35 days, 3 to 4 leaves. Seedlings from 2 to 3 leaves spray 300ppm of ethephon, spray 7 to 10 days, a total of 3 times, can increase the number of female flowers and early maturity. When pollen sources are provided for artificial and natural pollination, some plants may not be sprayed with ethephon.

From mid-to-late March to early April, the minimum night temperature in the shed was 5°C, and the planting time was 10cm above 10°C. The straw sheds were planted around mid-March, and zucchini intercropping with cold vegetables such as cabbage was planted around mid-April. After the plants were planted, they were covered with shed films removed from the pods. About half a month before planting, the shed was warmed and the soil was fertilized. Made of 1 ~ 1.1m flat rake or width 70cm, width 40cm mulch film, planted two rows, spacing 55 ~ 70cm, spacing 45 ~ 50cm. The sheds that cover the straw mats should be widened to 50-60 cm to manage and dispose the straw mats. Ditch the water to raise the seedlings, or water the seedlings after the seedlings. Do not flood water, prevent lower ground temperature.

Within one week after planting, the plants were not ventilated, and the seedlings were promoted to grow slowly, at the beginning of growth, and at night, to prevent the occurrence of low temperatures below 0°C. After the seedlings are kept at 25-30°C during the day, the nighttime temperature is 15-20°C. After the seedlings begin to grow, they are gradually ventilated. The south end of the shelter is then ventilated. Afterwards, the south and north ends are ventilated and ventilated to both sides of the shelter. The temperature is maintained at 20-25°C during the day. 15°C or more at night. It can be ventilated at night when the temperature is at a minimum of 10°C. During the daytime temperatures above 20°C, the film can be uncovered, covered only at night, and the daily average temperature is stable at around 20°C during the mid-to-late May.

About one week after planting, the seedlings were watered once a week. When the temperature was low, the seedlings were poured one by one, and then cultivating one or two times, sowing soil seedlings to promote root growth and female flower formation. The root melon 6 ~ 10cm long digging next to the roots to compost the manure and watering. Harvesting period of 5 to 7 days, pouring a water, 10 to 15 days a fertilizer, fruiting period of 7-10 days every time spraying a 0.3% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Female flowers of zucchini often open earlier than male flowers, and it is not easy to pollinate normally, or due to low temperature or high temperature in the greenhouse, or too wet or too dry, can cause pumpkins and melons. During the flowering period, 25 to 30 ppm 2,4-D stalks or stigmas are used, or artificial pollination is performed every morning to prevent flowering. In order to provide sufficient pollen sources for pollination, a small number of plants can be planted in greenhouses or greenhouses 5 to 7 days in advance to open male flowers earlier to meet the needs of artificial pollination.

From the end of April to early May, more than 10 days after flowering, root melons can weigh about 0.3kg when they are harvested. The melon period should be harvested in order to promote the growth of the stems and leaves and accelerate the development of the upper layer of the young melon. Plants with vigorous growth can receive the melon as late as possible to inhibit plant growth.

The small sheds are planted early and harvested early. Most of the harvest can be harvested before the virus disease occurs. The production cost is low and management is easy. It is a good cultivation method with early maturity, high yield and high efficiency.

When growing zucchini in the greenhouse, the seedlings are planted in early to late February, planted in mid-March, or live in the shed in mid-March, and can be protected by small arches in the shed at the early stage of growth. Northeast and Inner Mongolia are planted in mid-late April.

(3) Sunlight Greenhouse Cultivation of Summer Husks Sunlight Greenhouses Summer squashes are wintering and early spring.

Overwintering summer cucurbits are planted according to market demand from early October to early November. Seedlings are raised in paper sheds or nutritious soil blocks in small greenhouses in greenhouses. The seedling age is about 30 days, 3 to 4 leaves, and 1 large leaf is also planted. Seedlings of zucchini can be used to injure the roots and are easy to survive.

The north-south line was planted and planted at 0.6-0.7m for 1 line, or 1m line for 2 lines, arranged in a triangular pattern with a spacing of 40-50cm, and flat mulching or mulching.

3 to 5 days after planting, no ventilation, greenhouse temperature 25 ~ 28 °C, promote slow seedlings, moderate temperature after moderate seedlings, about 25 °C during the day, night 8 ~ 10 °C, 5 ~ 6 leaves during the day 26 ~ 27 °C, night About 12 °C temperature, promote the growth of stems and leaves. The results during the day 24 ~ 25 °C, night 10 ~ 15 °C. After December, the temperature dropped and the room could be warmed up temporarily in the event of a cold spell. The ventilation was gradually strengthened after February, and the temperature of 30-35°C in the later period affected the pollination.

After 4 to 5 days of planting, the seedlings were irrigated with water. When the soil moisture was insufficient, the seedlings were watered and topdressed with 5 to 6 leaf stages, and 10 kg of urea or 15 kg of ammonium sulfate was used. The cultivating loose soil, the shallow side of the plant, deep pods outside the plant, appropriate seedlings, prevent plant leggy. When the root melon egg is large, the fertilizer is topped with water, and the melon period is poured for about 10 days. After February, the number of watering days is appropriately shortened, and the water is applied to the third fertilizer to promote the rapid expansion of the melon fruit. Remove side branches and tendrils at any time. When the main vines are 50cm long, they can pull the ropes to hang the vines to make the leaves see the light well. Ethephon treatment and flower protection measures refer to small sheds and squash.

Overwintering and picking zucchini are listed and offered during New Year's Day and Spring Festival. The 1st to 2nd melons in the base should be harvested early. Late harvesting will affect the later dates and yield.

In the early spring, the summer gourd is planted in the small greenhouse of greenhouses in the middle of December to early January. The plants are planted from the end of January to the beginning of February and poured into small water. When the ground temperature rises above 15°C, they are then irrigated. Spring zucchini can also be intercropped with oilseed rape. In the middle and late December, zucchini can be directly broadcast on rapeseed pods. Canola can be harvested in succession and harvested when the squash is sent.

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