The humidity in the greenhouse is high, the ventilation is poor, and the light is weak. To control the growth of the tomato, prevent the occurrence of diseases, promote the development of flower buds and fruits, and obtain higher yield, rational pruning is a key technology. Pruning tomato can control disease occurrence, increase fruit set rate, ripen early, increase single fruit weight, improve fruit uniformity, and make fruit develop and color well, which can significantly increase yield and improve quality. 1. Single dry pruning method The single dry pruning method is a pruning method commonly used in tomato production. When carrying out a single dry pruning, only one trunk is left per plant, and all the side branches are successively removed, and the main stem also retains a certain number of ears. Generally, 1 to 3 leaves should be left when snoring, and it should not be smashed from the base to prevent damage to the trunk. Remaining leaf snoring can increase the nutrient area, promote plant growth and development, and especially promote the growth and development of fruit near the pupa. When picking the heart, generally leave 2 to 3 leaves in the upper part of the last spike. Otherwise, the growth and development of this ear will be greatly affected, and even the fruit or the dysplasia will fall, and the yield and quality will be significantly reduced. The single dry pruning method has the advantages of suitable close planting cultivation, good early maturity and simple technology. The disadvantage is that the seedling volume is large, the cost is increased, the plant is prone to premature aging, and the total yield is not high. Second, double dry pruning The double dry pruning method is based on the single dry pruning method, except that the main branch is left as a second main result branch. Generally, the first side branch under the first inflorescence should be left, because according to the principle of “source†to “library†and the principle of ipsilateral transportation of nutrient transportation, this main branch is relatively strong, grows fast, and can be quickly combined with the first. The trunk grows and develops in parallel. The management of the double dry pruning method is the same as the management of the single dry pruning method. Double dry pruning can save seed and seedling costs. The plant has a long growing period and a long growing period. The result is long and the yield is high. The shortcoming is that the early yield is low and the early maturity is poor. Third, the improved single dry pruning method While the main stem is being pruned, the first side branch under the first inflorescence is retained, and after the knot is 1-2, the leaves are topped for 2 to 3 leaves. The improved single-dry pruning method has the advantages of a single dry pruning method and a double dry pruning method, and is worthy of promotion in production. Four or three dry pruning On the basis of the double dry pruning, the first side branch under the first trunk second inflorescence or the first side branch under the first inflorescence first inflorescence is retained as the third trunk, so that each tomato has three large result branches. This pruning method is rarely used in cultivation, but it is used in tomato seed production. V. Continuous topping and head turning When the second inflorescence of the trunk is flowered, the base leaves 2 to 3 leaves to be topped. The trunk is called the first result branch, and the first side branch under the first inflorescence of the first result branch is retained as the second result branch. After the second inflorescence of the second inflorescence, 2 to 3 leaves are left on the topping, and the first side branch under the first inflorescence is left as the third result branch, and so on. Each tomato can leave 4 to 5 or more result branches. For small fruit varieties such as cherry tomatoes, it is also possible to use the three-spirit topping method to change the head, but the application of this pruning method requires sufficient fertilizer to prevent premature senescence of the plants. Sixth, inverted "U" shape pruning method In combination with the bow frame, the tomato is firstly managed by a single stem, and then tied to the rack. The highest point of the bow is basically the same as the height of the third spike of the tomato. Thus, when the upper part of the tomato plant is flowered, the upper flower ear is lowered due to the decrease of the height of the bow frame, thereby improving its nutritional status and improving the yield and quality of the upper ear. This kind of pruning method should always go to the old leaves and diseased leaves to prevent the plants from being closed, which affects ventilation and light transmission. For plants with viral diseases, pruning should be carried out separately to avoid artificial transmission of diseases. In the process of pruning, the side branches that do not have the result branches on the plants should not be destroyed prematurely. Generally, 1 or 2 leaves should be left to make nutrients to assist the growth of the trunk. Snoring and topping should be carried out in sunny afternoon to facilitate wound healing. Do not carry out in rainy days or when water is not dry to prevent infection of pathogens. In addition, in combination with pruning, vines and plant corrections should be carried out, and old leaves, diseased leaves and ineffective leaves that have lost function should be removed in time.
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