Cashmere goat breeding is an important project with higher economic benefits and beneficial to the adjustment of industrial structure. The development of cashmere goats will promote the economic development of rural areas and help farmers to make a fortune. I. Product Features and Value (a) cashmere. Cashmere refers to the thin undergrowth of goat skin that grows from the secondary hair follicles. It has fine, soft, warm and other fine characteristics. It is called light, white, snowy, and fine like silk, and is known as a pearl of natural fibers. . In the Western countries, it is known as the fiber treasure, the king of the hair, is the high-grade raw material of the wool textile industry. Now the international market demand is increasing day by day, the price rises year by year. In the spring of 2001, the local purchase price is 340 yuan per kilogram, and the foreign product is 1000 per kilogram. - More than 1,500 RMB, so it is also called soft gold and is called by the herdsmen in Inner Mongolia. It can be seen that the market potential of cashmere is very large. (b) Meat. Goat meat has good quality and high nutritional value. Its high protein content, low fat content, and lower cholesterol content than chicken and rabbit meat. The consumption of lamb meat is continuously increasing. In many countries and regions in Asia and Africa, goat meat is used as a good food and tonic, and as a delicacy for festive occasions, goat meat is also very popular in the market, and its price is higher than pork and beef. (c) goatskin. Can do clothing, shoes, boxes, bags, gloves and so on. (d) sheep feces, urine. Compared with all kinds of livestock, manure has strong fertility, and its nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents are relatively high. It is a good organic fertilizer, and it has a significant effect on improving soil structure and preventing compaction. (e) Production performance. Adult ram weight 47.8 kg, birth weight 2.4 kg male lamb, female lamb 2.10 kg, lambing rate of 103% - 105%, survival rate of 97%, ewes born after breeding 12-16 months of age can be mated In fetuses, ewes are generally bred in October-November for natural mating. Adult goats have a meat rate of 40% and a net meat rate of 33%. The meat is tender and juicy, with a small and fragrant smell. Hanshan cashmere goats produce cashmere, adult sheep 1.1-1.2 kg or so, ewes 0.8-1 kg, generally sheep can produce 7-8 cashmere, according to the current value estimates, a net income of breeding female ewes 392 Around yuan (manure is not counted). Second, living habits 1, lively, high-spirited, agile, when grazing, like to walk, see the mountains. On the steep slopes and cliffs of the mountains, they can move freely and their hind legs are upright for feeding. Brave and tenacious, easy to train, and people have a strong affinity. As long as a good sheep is trained in the flock, it will be able to grasp the flock well when grazing. 2. It has strong feeding performance, and has a wide range of feeds for use, and it also has a selective diet for various growing plants. Love to eat hard and crisp stems and leaves, seeds, such as branches, leaves and a variety of crops and weeds, are its best natural pasture. 3. The growth period of cashmere is accompanied by the reproductive physiology of cashmere goats. The growth of cashmere lies in the beginning of autumn, and it stands in the late autumn and winter and falls off in the spring of the germination of grass, that is, from April to May. From this period of late summer to March next year, nutrition, especially protein nutrition, is very important for the cashmere production of cashmere goats, so the better the nutrition, the higher the production of cashmere. 4, love group, love clean. Cashmere goats like to live in groups. Individuals tend to be uneasy after they leave the group. It is precisely because of this gregariousness that there are good sheep in the sheep to lead, which makes grazing management extremely convenient and that sheep are not easily lost. Before sniffing, the sheep sniffs and then eats. The contaminated grass is rather hungry and unwilling to eat. For this reason, it is necessary to change the pasture every day when grazing, at least once a week. Third, feeding management and breeding points Feeding management is an important part of cashmere goat production. The production performance of cashmere goats such as cashmere yield, villus quality, reproduction rate, and survival rate of lambs is closely related to feeding and management. Therefore, mastering the science of feeding and management methods is of decisive significance for high-yield production of cashmere goats. (A) First of all, we must master its living habits. Adopting perennial grazing, such as the ability to make good use of low grassland, steep slopes, hawthorn and various complex pasture lands, long-term grazing will help exercise the bones and internal organs, enhance their adaptability, and save feed delays. 6 ç–½ ç–½ è° è° è° è° è° è° â”¥ä¿š ┥俚 ┥俚 胤 Oyster 瞿燎 胤 瞿燎 瞿燎 瞿燎 瞿燎 9 . 槟 槟 槟 槟 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 顾 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 郊 郊 郊 郊 郊 郊 郊 郊 郊 æ æ æ æ æ æ 0 , starting from November each sheep two or two soybeans or corn every day. Note: Soybeans are boiled and matured on the line. Maizes are fed. Forage grasses use pod skin and dry grass, and green branches and leaves are all available. They must be fully stocked. In winter and in the coming spring, some ewes are pregnant, some need to be lambs, and be careful when grazing. Do not feed frozen or cream. Forages and feedstuffs should always be checked for pre-production to prevent winter freezing. In the spring, when grazing, it is necessary to prevent running green. In the first few days, when the grass grows young, it will be released before nightfall. Fly in April and avoid grazing in shrubs to prevent hanging cashmere. When grazing in summer, do not go to low-lying wet areas, trapped low-lying wet easily get foot disease, commonly known as hooves. Avoid rain during grazing. Autumn is a crucial period for catching fleas. Grasping autumn fleas is beneficial to wintering and breeding. This season's focus is on the crops. (b) sheep house. It should be built in a dry place with high ventilation. It is well ventilated and can shelter rain. It is better to have a floor and avoid low-lying and muddy places. In winter and spring, there must be warm shelters from leewards to sunny areas. There should be no small holes and thief winds. Do not raise sheep manure to keep dry sheep manure from absorbing water and heat. (c) drinking water and feeding salt. If the drinking water is insufficient, the sheep's increase in breeding, breeding, growth, and lactation will be affected, and severe water shortages will endanger life. Drink at least twice a day, and increase the number of drinks in the summer. In the dry winter of pasture, adequate drinking water should be provided. The water should be kept clean, avoid drinking water from the ditch pond and dead pit, and drink warm water in winter. Feeding salt can not only supplement the required sodium, chlorine and other elements in the sheep, but also increase the appetite and drinking water. The amount of salt in the diet should not be less than 8-15 grams (per sheep), in which the rams, gestating ewes, nursing ewes fed salt 13-18 grams. In the salt feeding method, granular salt is placed in a salt tank, and the sheep are free to feed, but care should be taken not to drink water immediately after feeding salt. (d) Lamb feeding and management. After the ewes are lambs, care must be taken to prevent death. Colostrum is rich in nutrients, and it plays an extremely important role in the growth and development of lambs. Therefore, lambs should be eaten as early as possible and more colostrum should be eaten. The sooner you eat, the more you eat, and the faster the increment, the stronger the physique. The less, the higher the survival rate. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding and management of colostrum to the lamb. (e) Breeding. My hometown is an alpine region, where each lamb can produce one lamb per year. We begin breeding in October-December and begin lambing in March-May in the coming year. During the pregnancy period, 150 days, the winter ewes can be preserved. The annual output can be guaranteed. Ewe health and increase cashmere production. Lambs produced in spring ensure the survival rate, and the survival rate of lambs produced in winter is low. Non-mating rams will use the emery cloth or sand window pocket on the scrotum of the ram to prevent chaos. Must prevent inbreeding. The male rams that cannot be used for breeding should be castrated immediately. The reserve rams left by this group should be exchanged with other sheep, and the local soil goats should be improved by advanced hybridization. The improved third generation can be close to pure. Species. The cashmere goat's estrus cycle is 17-19 days. Age of reproduction termination, ewes 8-10 years old, rams 6-7 years old. The proportion of males and females naturally mating is 1:30-50. (six) fleece season. Every year from the spring of April to May, fleece begins and the net is caught twice. Fleece has special tools (iron combs), which can be purchased by mail from outside or made by yourself. Avoid scratching the skin when fleeing. Scratched skin should be disinfected with iodine. During the fleece process, rough movements are prevented from causing miscarriage and fracture of the ewes. Fourth, sheep disease prevention and control technology (A) often selenium and prevention of some common diseases. Because my hometown is a serious lack of selenium, selenium deficiency can lead to many diseases, such as infertility, stillbirth, miscarriage, liver necrosis, white muscle disease, ferrets, enteritis, growth retardation, etc., and take selenite once every half month. , According to each sheep 4 mg dilute into drinking water or use sodium selenite vitamin E, according to instructions injection. In the case of normal selenium supplementation, dilute goats were required to be injected with either ellaquinone or oral streptomycin or berberine. (b) Prevention and treatment of stomatitis. Some spring sheep have stomatitis, the characteristics of mouth flow can not feed, tongue swelling and inflammation, treatment: rinse with 0.1% potassium permanganate water, and then apply water boron can be, or coated with penicillin powder Oral. (c) Treatment of foot rot disease. The main thing is not to grazing in low-lying and moist areas. Once you get sick, you should wash the affected area with normal saline, rub it with iodine and smear penicillin powder. (d) Prevention and treatment of intestinal hernia. Do not feed forages with frost and dew, and treat as soon as possible. Mainly gastric tube deflation, anti-corrosion and anti-fermentation, clean up gastrointestinal. 1, with paraffin oil 100 ml, 2 grams of fish fat, 10 ml of alcohol, add water, amount, once gavage. 2. Stomach lavage with 1500 ml of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution to vent gas and stomach contents. 3, if possible, rumen puncture deflation. (e) Prevention of epidemic disease in sheep. Once a year, adult sheep and lambs are injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly with 5 ml of triplets. The immunity is produced 14 days after the injection. (f) Prevention of foot-and-mouth disease. Twice a year with foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. (seven) deworming. After spring fleece and before entering winter, it is necessary to drive external parasites to make a medicinal bath and bath with a 0.25% solution of trichlorfon. It must be thoroughly and thoroughly washed. The main prevention and control of lice, raccoon (fungus), grass crawling children. Internal parasites are expelled and used internally or externally for 1 ml per 10 kg body weight. Or use insects to clear 0.14 grams per kilogram of body weight. (8) Prevention of liver flukes. 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