Fruit and vegetable chips: new directions for fruit and vegetable processing

Fruit and vegetable chips are a kind of fruit and vegetable flavor foods that have been researched and developed in recent years. Because they retain the color, aroma, and taste of raw vegetables and fruits, they have crispy taste, low fat, low calorie, high fiber, rich in vitamins and many Minerals, without synthetic additives, easy to carry, long shelf life, etc., are welcomed by consumers in foreign markets. Fruit and vegetable chips are instant fruit and vegetable foods made from a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables as raw materials under instant vacuum at low temperature. Due to operation under low temperature conditions, the loss of natural pigments and aromatic substances can be greatly reduced, the harmful effects of microorganisms and enzymes can be suppressed, and the original color and fragrance of vegetables can be fully maintained. The taste of food is delicious, flavors are varied, crispy and delicious, suitable for both young and old. It is regarded by the food industry as natural food and space food for the 21st century.
In recent years, foreign food research and processing industries and the application of vacuum low temperature oil bath technology have successively developed a series of featured natural foods, which are divided into six major series:
(1) Convenient food series vacuum low-temperature oil bath products, most of which have good rehydration, and matured fried products, can be eaten without reconstitution after rehydration, and its taste and taste are superior to ordinary fruits and vegetables, and can stimulate appetite. . Therefore, it is an ideal fast food dish to use the appropriate vegetable and vegetable varieties that have been fried, seasoned, and mixed in various flavors of wolfberry, vegetarian dishes, and soup. At the same time can be instant noodles, instant rice, wine as a companion composition of convenient food, for home, travel, field operations, lack of food areas and even space flights are very appropriate. Therefore, foreign countries also call this product "space food," and its development prospects are very attractive.
(B) Dried fruit series: peanuts, soybeans, apricots and other almonds, walnuts, beans, cashews and other dried fruits using vacuum low temperature oil bath. There are two prominent features: First, the fire is easy to control, will not "burn", "excessive fire", the color is good; second, the taste than traditional frying, bake more fresh, fragrant, crisp taste, improve the product The market's crystal position is a good product for leisure and instant drinks. Processing companies can choose the off-season of local fruits and vegetables to eliminate the short-season defects of traditional processing methods.
(C) meat protein products poultry meat is also suitable for vacuum low temperature oil bath, according to the habits of various nationalities, the first raw materials seasoning cooked, and then special treatment, fried into various forms and flavors (red, spicy, etc.) Crispy meat pieces (blocks). After vacuum packaging, it can be long-lasting shelf life, dry food or rehydration (steamed, boiled). It has the flavor of freshly burned meat and meat. It is comparable to ordinary dried meat and canned meat. It is also easy to carry, is not afraid of bumping, and is rich in nutrition. Called "light cans." In the Japanese market, we also see various tofu made from vacuum low-temperature oil baths, which are unique as high-protein nutritional fast foods.
(4) Aquatic products After fish, shrimp, and shellfish are processed as raw materials, seasonings can be directly fried or cooked and fried to maintain the deliciousness of seafood. It is not greasy, and the texture is crisp and self-evident. The best product. Some small fish, shrimp, and algae dried fish with low market value can be refined (broken) and then floured and pressed into various shapes for frying. Its products not only taste good, but also can supplement the body's calcium nutrition.
(5) Chinese herbal medicine Some of the more expensive Chinese herbal medicines can be processed by vacuum low-temperature oil bath or seasoned and fried into Chinese herbal medicine health food. The medicinal ingredients are not destroyed and they are easy to eat. Such as yam, Huang Jing and so on.
(6) Cultivation of Edible Flour Chips Edible fungi such as Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, shiitake mushrooms, and Pleurotus eryngii can be made into delicious crisps, as well as wild mushrooms, such as rare edible chicken brown and cattle from Yunnan and other places. For liver fungus, etc., the sails are processed with a vacuum cryogenic oil bath.
The characteristics of fruit and vegetable chips:
1, can choose the original product rich, not only limited to potatoes and other single raw materials;
2, without adding any color, flavor and preservatives, no traditional cancer may cause cancer hazards;
3, to maintain the natural color, nutrition and flavor of fruits and vegetables;
4, crisp taste, different flavors, no greasy, both men and women are like;
5, rich in high-fiber, multi-vitamins and trace elements, low fat, low calories, suitable for cardiovascular disease, diabetes patients as a health food;
6. It can also be used as a nutritional good for partial eclipse children and obese people; it is more suitable for food for tourists and field workers;
7, can dry food can also be rejuvenated food, like fresh products feel.
According to incomplete statistics, there are currently more than 50 companies that produce fruit and vegetable chips in mainland China, of which half are imported joint ventures and are located in Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan and Fujian. , Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Shaanxi and other provinces and cities. Corporate investments range from a few million to as many as tens of millions, with a total investment of approximately 400 million yuan. Many companies have achieved remarkable results in digesting and absorbing imported technologies. Their products have approached foreign products in terms of comprehensive quality indicators such as color, crispness, appearance, texture, oil content, seasoning, shelf life, and packaging, and their product exports have gradually increased. Gradually improve. Some companies and research departments have made a comprehensive and good summary of the process principles of fruit and vegetable chips, and many scientific research departments have improved or imitated a batch of fruit and vegetable chips with certain levels on the basis of digestion and absorption of imported equipment. Equipment for domestic use. China's mainland currently produces a large number of manufacturers of fruit and vegetable chips, and the research department ranks first in the world, which provides a solid foundation for the development of fruit and vegetable chip production technology. However, from the development of domestic production of chips and technology for fruits and vegetables, it is not difficult to find that the investment and benefits, the quantity and quality of products, and the promotion and improvement of technology are unbalanced. Some manufacturers with investment scale (including joint-venture factories), or due to blindly introducing, wrongly setting up factories, or due to the introduction of lagging technical equipment, the production cost is too high, or due to the incomplete digestion and absorption of imported technology, the product quality cannot reach the export standards. , Or due to poor export channels, products can not find the market, production can not go up, or due to lack of funds, technology is not in place, equipment is not matched, difficult to produce, or due to the lack of minimum food factory management experience, product shoddy, resulting in losses , For various reasons, caused the company to close down, change production, stop production, and maintain difficulties. There are also a large number of small-scale chip plants. Because of low investment, lack of scale in production, and imperfect supporting equipment, a simple production process is adopted to cut off the production technology of fruit and vegetable chips to produce a product that can only be called a fruit and vegetable dry film. The name of the chip, the gap in the drilling market, spread the product to the domestic and foreign markets. This short-term behavior of the company's vulgarization of fruits and vegetables chips broke its own back-end, and it also corrupted the fruit and vegetable chips to some extent. reputation.
The above situation shows that the current domestic technology development of fruit and vegetable chip production technology and production equipment, on the basis of the introduction and digestion of foreign technology, has achieved certain results. The quality of products of some enterprises has gradually increased, and exports have increased year by year. However, due to objective economic factors and technical commercial secrecy and other reasons, the vast majority of the current domestic introduction of technology and equipment at the end of the 80s in the world, the domestic research and development of technology and equipment subject to this limitation and impact, basically still at a low At the level of repetition, overall technology and key technologies are still lower than foreign standards. The middle peasants are taken from: "Chinese Fruit and Vegetables" 2006.03

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