Greenhouse watermelon artificial pollination need to pay attention to five points

Watermelon is a cross-pollination crop that can only sit on fruit after pollination by pollinators such as insects. When the weather encounters low temperature and rainy weather in spring, there are few insects in the greenhouse. The lack of pollinators during the flowering period easily leads to poor pollination. Therefore, greenhouse watermelon needs artificial pollination to promote fruit setting rate. In order to increase the effect of artificially assisted pollination and increase the fruit-setting rate of watermelon, Zhang Xian, a professor at the College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, reminded the growers that the following aspects should be taken into account when pollinating watermelons:
Sitting on melon section selection
Choosing the right position for melons is very important for improving the quality and yield of watermelons. The general principle of choosing the melon pitcher is: the watermelon cultivated in the protected place, the sitting position of the melon can be lower; the spring cultivation in the open field is higher in the sitting melon; the precocious variety in the sitting melon is low; the late-maturing variety in the melon pitching position Should be higher. In the case of low temperature, lack of fertilizer, weak light, and poor plant growth, the melon can be postponed. On the contrary, staying in the melon section can be advanced.
Choose the right pollination flower
The choice of female flowers sitting in the female ovary of the melon section is large, with many hairs, and the fruit handle is long and thick, and is easy to set fruit, and the fruit is large and the yield is high. On the contrary, the female flowers with small petal, small ovary, round pedicel, thin pedicel, and sparse hairs are not easy to set fruit. Even if the fruit is set, the fruit is small and the quality is poor and the yield is low.
Selection of Male Flowers The male flowers used for pollination should be selected for flowers that are open on the day and have a bright color and a large diameter of the corolla.
Pollination time
The pollination time was sunny. The Corolla began to loosen around 5 am and pollen began to crack at about 6 o'clock. Pollen was scattered and the corolla was fully deployed. At 12 o'clock, the corolla color fades and begins to close. Therefore, Professor Zhang Xian reminded the majority of growers that artificial pollination time should be between 8-11 am, which is the time when female stigmas and male pollen exuberant physiological activities are the best time for artificial pollination.
The completion time of watermelon pollination is preferably 7 days and the longest is less than 10 days. If the pollination completion time exceeds 10 days, the melons are not neat, and the fruit sizes are uneven, the collection period is not concentrated, and the yield is also reduced by 10%-15%.
Pollination technology
When flowers pollinate flowers, gently hold the pedestal of female flowers to expose the stigma. Then select the male flower that was opened on the same day. Take off with the stalk. Turn the petals out to reveal the stamens. Place the pollen in the seat of the female flower. Apply lightly on the stigma to evenly spread pollen on the stigma. A male flower can give 2-4 female flowers.
The brush was used to remove the male flowers that were open on the day. The pollen was concentrated in a clean container. The pollen was sucked with a soft brush or a small brush, and the stigma of the female flower was aligned. Gently smear a few times until the stigma had obvious yellow pollen. You can.
Prof. Zhang Xian reminded the growers that they should apply lightly during the pollination process to prevent damage to the stigma. In addition, to ensure uniform pollination of the three stigma to prevent the occurrence of malformation caused by malformation melon, micrantha field.
No matter which method is used, pollination should be carried out after the pollination of the melons of melons with different colors of cards to prevent repeated pollination, determine the ripening period of watermelon, and timely harvest.
Post-pollination considerations
The pollination effect should be checked the afternoon after the pollination. If the female flower handle sag and grow, the front end of the ovary starts to touch the ground, indicating that the pollination is successful; if the female flower handle is still straight forward, there is generally no performance of the powder, and the female flower pollination needs to be reselected.
There are three ways to increase the yield of sweet watermelon
Adding boron fertilizer 0.5-1 kg of borax per acre, or 3.5-7 kg of boron magnesium fertilizer, mixing with appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer, or spraying with 0.1%-0.2% borax solution during the growth period, can increase production. 11% increase the sugar content by 0.7%. The application of watermelon melon soaked with 300-500 times the watermelon seed, or in the watermelon seedling period, sitting period and the expansion of the watermelon with 200-300 times the spray, can increase production by about 10%, increase the sugar content of 0.7%.
Rare earth fertilizer spraying rare earth fertilizer Chang Leyi phytochemicals, can increase production by about 20%, increase sugar content of 0.6% -1.7%, foliar spray, spray three times throughout the reproductive period, the first time in the watermelon 5-6 At the leaf stage, the spraying concentration was 0.03%, and the spraying concentration was 0.06%-0.08% for the second and third time in the initial flowering period and the swelling period, respectively.

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