Integration and independence of analog components from wearables

When it comes to the design of the system level, it is no more than analog and mixed signal circuits, plus the process of digital signal processing and control, which one is missing, the system can not work. In the design of analog front-end circuits, Professor Li Rengui from the Department of Electronic Engineering of the Taipei University of Science and Technology said that in the case of wearable devices, everyone would like MCUs (microcontrollers) to move toward the SoC (system single chip). It is also desirable to meet more diverse needs, because in terms of circuit layout, the fewer the chips, the more circuit layout can be saved, and the practical work can save more work load.

But for now, there are still some areas that are difficult to overcome in wafer integration. For example, in the application of heart rate measurement, such as 10-bit or 12-bit ADC (analog digital signal converter), most of them Can be integrated in the MCU, but if you measure blood oxygen, you must use the 24-bit ADC, there are still many difficulties in integration, so it is better to design the ADC independently of the MCU. .

Integration and independence of analog components from wearables

However, Li Rengui further mentioned that, in general, in terms of the design of wearable medical electronics, the degree of integration of components can be mostly solved with two wafers. One is an analog front-end circuit, and the other is the MCU itself. For the time being, the integration of the analog circuit front end can integrate the Instrumentation Amplifier (INA), the Filter and the Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA), and the MCU itself can use the ADC and MCU. Combined with BLE (Bluetooth Low Power), this is arguably the cleanest circuit design at the system integration level.

Of course, to further explore from the practical level, there are still some components to be independent, which will be more beneficial to system design. Li Rengui said that a 24-bit ADC is usually used in system design such as ventricular contraction or blood rebound. It must not only be isolated, but must also be used with components such as image sensors or microphones. Collocation, in order to have a higher quality in the signal source. Li Rengui also pointed out that the physiological signal is a very slow signal source, such as the filter itself, the resistance and capacitance of the filter, the area ratio will be larger, but on the analog front-end circuit integrated chip, its resistance and capacitance Will adopt an external design. Of course, if the filter itself can be dynamically adjusted, depending on the application, such as brain waves and blood oxygen itself have different wavelengths, the filter can be adjusted, so it is relatively better to adopt an independent design.

Li Rengui also reminded that the system design of wearable medical treatment may not have a clear definition in terms of specifications in the short term, so the striker is generally the OEM industry, but after the specification is determined, it also means the system. The required wafers can also be confirmed together. In the long run, it is not a problem to integrate the wafers or to use SiP (system-in-package) to reduce the system size. He specifically reminded that there is no problem in developing a highly integrated SoC, but there is no need in the market, so there is no point. He also said that even the semiconductor manufacturer TI (Texas Instruments), its products are not highly integrated, which indicates that the market demand is in an unclear state.

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