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Since the establishment of the electro-dialysis technology in the 1950s, it has risen rapidly in the application of engineering technology, and its role in the desalination of brackish water, seawater enrichment and salt production, wastewater treatment, and food, medicine, electronics, and electric power industries is increasing. . It demonstrates its technological advancement and several outstanding features that cannot be replaced by other separation methods with many excellent application examples. The magical effects that are being developed and will be developed at the moment are even more colorful. China's research and development work on electrodialysis projects began in 1958, and it is one of the countries that started earlier in the world.
It has at least the following four uses:
1. Part of the ions are separated from the electrolyte solution to lower the concentration of the electrolyte solution. Such as seawater desalination, brackish water desalination, preparation of industrial pure water or drinking pure water, radioactive wastewater treatment.
2. Transfer some of the electrolyte and ions in the solution to another solution and increase the concentration. Such as seawater concentration, purification of chemical products, and recovery of useful components in industrial residues.
3. Remove electrolyte ions from the organic solution. Currently mainly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. It has been very successful in the application of whey desalting, sugar desalting and amino acid refining.
4. In the electrolyte solution, the separation of ions with the same electrical charge but different charges and the separation of the same-charged ions, only the ion exchange membrane that allows monovalent ions to pass through the concentrated seawater salt is an example of industrial application of the former.
It has the following five characteristics:
1. Low energy consumption and obvious economic benefits. Practice has confirmed that the desalinization of 2000-5000 mg / L of brackish water to 5000 mg / L of drinking water is economical.
2, the system is flexible, easy to operate and maintain. According to different conditions, you can flexibly adopt different types of system design. Parallel can increase water production, series can improve the salt rejection rate, and cycle or partial cycle can shorten the process. During the operation, several main parameters of voltage, current, concentration, flow, pressure and temperature are controlled to ensure stable operation.
3, does not pollute the environment 4, long service life. The membrane is generally available for 3-5 years, the electrode can be used for 7-8 years, and the separator can be used for about 15 years.
5. The raw water rate is high. The recovery rate of seawater and high-concentration brackish water can reach more than 60%. The recovery rate of brackish water is generally 65%-80%. Source: Guteng Water Network
Introduction to reverse osmosis and electrodialysis water treatment technology
Reverse osmosis technology is a new technology that began to be applied in the late 1960s. Reverse osmosis (RO), also known as reverse osmosis, consists mainly of a high pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane. At high enough pressure, in addition to water molecules, other minerals, organic and various ions in the water are almost rejected from the membrane and are washed out by high pressure water. The water that penetrates the other side is safe, hygienic and pure water. The principle is equivalent to a semi-permeable membrane in the human body, so that useful substances can be used through the membrane, while unwanted substances are discharged. Because it is opposite to the direction of natural penetration. It is called reverse osmosis. It has become an important technical equipment in modern pure water, high-purity water preparation, seawater desalination, brackish water desalination and other industry separation projects.