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2, increase reproduction rate. Doing a good job of breeding cows is an important part of accelerating the development of cattle and raising the output of cattle. The relative contribution rate of reproduction accounts for 10%. Heifers generally have to reach 15-18 months of age and weigh up to 350kg before they can be bred. It is necessary to affect first-crop output and normal delivery prematurely. In order to avoid affecting milk production and prevent multiple diseases and deaths after childbirth, cows should be avoided from July to September when maturing. Observe the estrus early and late for communicable cows and postpartum estrus cows. Normally, estrus should be provided in the afternoon in the morning, or in the afternoon of the estrus in the afternoon or the following morning. If there is no estrus in the cows after 1-2 months, promptly check the rectum. Determine whether there are any fetuses in order to take measures to prevent empty or abortion.
3, feed and feeding. The relative contribution of dairy cows' nutritional feeds accounts for 20%. Dairy cows have many kinds of feeds. Energy feeds such as corn, soybeans, sorghum, etc. account for about 50-55%; protein feeds such as soybean meal, bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed and cottonseed cake , peanut cakes, etc., about 25-30%; gluten feeds about 8-10%; mineral feeds such as calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc., accounting for about 5-7%; additives such as vitamins, trace elements account for about 1%; bad, slag can also replace part of the energy and protein feed, but the maximum amount of feed (concentrate, auxiliary materials, roots, green feed) should not exceed 15kg/head/day, dairy cows can be per 2.5- 3kg to 1kg of fine material, to grasp the combination of lactation stage feed, in order to ensure high yield and stable production.
4, disease prevention and treatment. Cow mastitis is a more common disease. Can be divided into clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis, the former loss of 30%, the latter loss of 70%, so in cattle production and management should pay attention to the occurrence of subclinical mastitis, milk cows every month to use the mastitis monitoring fluid check each In the milk area, ++ positive cows were found to be treated promptly. Stopping the cows before they stopped was even more important. In the normal milk area, a milk should be infused into the normal milk area to prevent infection.
Tuberculosis is a disease that endangers zoonotic diseases. 1-2 tuberculosis tests are conducted every year. Positive cattle are resolutely eliminated. Suspected cows are rechecked after one month and can be judged as positive by two consecutive suspicious questions.
5, grass cultivation cows. The pasture varieties that are suitable for the cultivation of cows in our province include annual ryegrass, alfalfa II, hybrid sudangrass, alfalfa, and chicory. The annual output per mu is between 8,000 and 10,000 pounds, and the annual return per mu is about one thousand yuan.
The key to raising a cow
1. Variety improvement. The varieties and yields of dairy cows in China are generally poor. According to the summary of the 50 years of science and technology in the United States on livestock production, the relative contribution rate of variety improvement accounts for 40% and is at the forefront. The main means of accelerating the improvement is to cite the selection of the best breeding bulls in domestic and foreign varieties. Every year, the Provincial Dairy Association consulted on the basis of the selection of a number of bull semen to recommend for everyone to use, to prevent the use of low-grade bull semen, can not be used indiscriminately.