Chang Liu, a vegetable farmer in Yinma Town, Changyi City, planted watermelons for many years. His watermelons grew well before flowering and fruit setting. Once the watermelons entered the fruit expansion period, the plants grew slower, the vines became weaker, and the old leaves gradually turned brown. Debris, when the heart becomes light green, resulting in slow expansion of watermelon, low yield. In order to clarify the reasons, he consulted several local pesticide salesmen, but their prevention and control results were not satisfactory. On July 19 of this year, Master Liu took soil samples from the shed as required and conducted soil testing at the Shouguang Soil and Fertilizer Testing and Research Center. The results showed that the content of available potassium in soil was only 116.73 mg/kg, which was seriously lacking, and the content of organic matter in the soil was also low. The content was 15.66 g/kg. Hydrolysis of nitrogen, available phosphorus, and total salt were relatively normal. It turns out that the growth period of watermelon is short, and it only takes about three months from planting to harvesting. When Master Liu is growing watermelon, he only uses basal fertilizer in planting rows, according to 5 hectares per mu of rice husk and 100 kg of high-potassium compound fertilizer. All the ditch is applied at the bottom of the planting line. In this way, the mineral nutrient supply in the soil is sufficient before the watermelon enters the fruit expansion period, and the watermelon grows well. However, due to the low content of organic matter in the soil, the ability to maintain the fertilizer is poor. With the increase in the number of watering, the potassium in the soil is seriously lost with the water, and the potassium needs to increase rapidly after the watermelon enters the expansion period. However, Master Liu did not timely top-dressing, causing the watermelon to exhibit symptoms of potassium deficiency, poor growth, and reduced benefits. In response to Liu's symptoms of potassium deficiency in the shed, it is recommended that Master Liu change the method of fertilization. Instead of applying a large amount of fertilizer on a one-time basis, the base fertilizer application rate should be reduced to 1/2-2/3. Before the watermelon flowering result and before the melon preparation, high-potassium compound fertilizer or water-soluble fertilization is applied. The high-potassium compound fertilizer is applied at 20-30 kg per mu per time. The water-soluble fertilization is such as high nitrogen, low phosphorus and high potassium. (20-10-30) It is advisable to apply 5-8 kilograms of fertilizer per acre per acre to ensure sufficient supply of potash. Master Liu should also increase the use of organic fertilizers. It is possible to increase the use of mu crust or chicken manure to 10 square meters to increase the content of organic matter in the soil, increase the ability of the soil to retain water and fertility, and reduce fertilizer loss. Once the watermelon is found to be deficient in potassium, besides top-dressing supplements, it is also necessary to promptly add potassium to the watermelon to alleviate the symptoms. Here, we also remind farmers, it is best to do some tests on their greenhouse soil, according to the results of soil testing and rational fertilization.
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