What is the difference between the cultivation of short-anvil and the cultivation of the col.

Dwarf anvil cultivation and col Stock cultivation are the two main methods in apple production. According to the growth characteristics and cultivation performance of dwarf rootstock apple, we believe that the following differences exist between the cultivation of dwarf rootstock apple and Qiaoqin apple, and should be taken seriously in production. To speed up the pace of the development of dwarfing apple in China, promote the upgrading of China's apple industry, and integrate with international apple production.

First, different development concepts

The Qiaoqin apple production focuses on the benefits of the entire growth cycle. It is cultivated for a long period of time. The general growth cycle is 40-50 years, and the finely-managed ones are even longer. The number of cultivated plants per unit area is small, and the yield per plant is high. The fruit yield per mu can reach 5000 kg. The short-stocked apple production is characterized by early results, early earnings, good management, and easy mechanization. The short-cycle cultivation is performed. The general production cycle is 15-20 years, and the number of cultivated plants per unit area is larger.

Second, different requirements for the cultivation environment

The apple tree of Qiaoqin has a tall tree, robust branches, strong resistance and a wide range of adaptability. It is not too strict for fertilizer and water requirements. Dwarf apple trees are relatively small, easy to flower, enter the early results, the output rises quickly, improper management of premature aging trees, strict environmental conditions for cultivation. Only cultivation where the soil is fertile and the supply of fertilizers and water is guaranteed can be successful. In areas where barren soil and fertilizer are in short supply, the trees are weak, and the yield, quality, and profitability all go up, which can lead to failure.

Third, the production situation is different

The Qiaoqin apple is an apple tree formed by grafting apple buds or branches directly on the rootstock. The dwarf root apple is a method of grafting an intermediate stock with a dwarfing effect on the rootstock, and then grafting the buds or branches of the apple on the intermediate rootstock. Breed the tree body. Due to the different propagation process of seedlings and the different growth characteristics of the tree, its production forms are different. The apple of the apple tree is usually planted in a wide row spacing and narrow plant spacing. The common plant spacing is 4 meters and 5 meters, and about 33 acres are planted; the short branch species uses a row spacing of 3 meters and 5 meters, and about 45 acres are planted. Due to the use of a dwarfed root anvil or grafting of an anvil with a dwarfing effect in the tree, the dwarfing anvil apple is effectively controlled and the crown is small, which is convenient for close planting. More than half a dwarfing anvil, such as M7, is planted with a row spacing of 3-4 meters, and acre is planted with 56 acreages; a row with M 26 dwarfing anvils is used with a row spacing of 2 meters and 4 meters, and acre is planted with 83 acreages. Higher planting densities can also be increased.

Fourth, different management modes

The main features of the short-stocked apples are to promote early results, increase early production, and shorten the production cycle. The management centers around this center and requires the built gardens to be neat in appearance, strong and strong, and to implement large-seedlings transplanting and planting, supporting dry planting, and application. Integrated management measures such as dropper irrigation and sprinkler irrigation prevent the size of the planted trees from varying levels, and they are likely to collapse. The Qiaoqin apple was late in the fruiting period. In the early stage, the main canopy was mainly expanded. As long as enough branches were formed, the photosynthetic product had the basis for production. Because the implementation of lighter shearing, slow release, and excessive sticking of young trees during production promotes the increase of branch weight. After the result period, due to the robustness of the apple tree branch, the results are strong, the yield is high, and nutrient consumption is high. The requirements of the conditions are high, and adequate supply must be guaranteed in production to bring into play its advantages of high yield and high quality.

Fifth, different investment requirements

In general, the apple industry is a high-input and high-output industry, but the low-stock apple has significantly more investment in the early stage than the Joe anvil. The dwarfing anvil apple should establish pillars to support the stem, and in order to prevent premature dripping, there must be drip irrigation facilities. In order to effectively control the branching potential, the investment is obviously higher. According to Professor Li Bingzhi of the Northwest A&F University, using standardized seedlings made in China, dwarf apples require an investment of 2,820 yuan per mu, while the largest investment in Qiao's anvil is less than 1,000 yuan.

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