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With the continuous increase of cotton area, the crop layout is relatively simple, and the occurrence of cotton pests and diseases is becoming more and more serious, especially the occurrence of insect pests, which has become an important factor affecting and restricting cotton production. Integrated pest control has become the most urgent problem to be solved on the plant protection front, and pest monitoring is particularly important. The mastery of pest occurrence provides an important scientific basis for formulating pest control strategies.
The pests and diseases of cotton are mainly divided into diseases and pests, and the specific diseases and pests are briefly introduced.
The main diseases of cotton include cotton seedling blight, cotton seedling anthracnose, cotton blight and so on.
1. The damage of cotton seedlings to cotton is that after the cotton is planted, before the seeds are germinated but not unearthed, the rotten buds can be caused by the attack of the blight. After the cotton seedlings were unearthed, yellow-brown lesions appeared on the base of the young stem near the ground, gradually expanding, sag, rot, and severely spread to the periphery of the stem, the depression deepened, the color was dark brown, and the cotton seedlings died. The leaves of the diseased plants generally do not show special symptoms, but only show withered; but after the cotton seedlings are damaged, there are chloasma on the cotyledons, and finally the lesions rupture and fall off, forming perforations. There is often hyphae adhesion in the cotton seedlings and surrounding soil. In the rainy years, the cotton plants in the flowering stage of the buds can also be affected. Dark brown spots appear on the base of the stems, the epidermis rots, and the wood fibers are exposed, which can be broken and severely broken. Symptoms, sometimes tumor-like lesions.
2. Cotton seedling anthracnose damage to cotton: cotton seedlings are killed before they are unearthed, hypocotyls and young roots become brown and rot, and those who are lightly damaged can be unearthed. At the base of the diseased plant, reddish-brown spots appeared initially, and short streaks with a slight depression of purple-brown were formed. The edges were reddish brown. In severe cases, the water was broken and the seedlings died. Cotyledons are damaged, and many yellow or taupe round or semi-circular lesions appear on the leaf margin. The lesions were inhibited under dry conditions and the edges were purplish red. The stem is damaged, dark circles or long-shaped lesions appear, and then the depression, the epidermis rupture, and the orange-red sticky conidia group can be produced when the climate is humid. In the dry climate, the xylem splits, revealing fiber, and finally die.
3. Cotton wilt disease: Cotton Fusarium wilt can infect and damage cotton during the whole growth and development season of cotton. Under natural conditions, cotton plants susceptible to seedlings can show symptoms about 1 month after sowing. During the period, the first onset peak occurred, cotton seedlings wilted and died, and in summer high temperature season, the growth of pathogens was inhibited, the disease developed slowly, the symptoms were concealed, and it was rainy in autumn, the temperature dropped, the disease grew vigorously, and the second disease occurred. peak.
Cotton pests are mainly cotton bollworms. The cotton bollworm parasitizes on the cotton, causing the growth point of the cotton to be damaged. The larvae of the cotton bollworm damage the leaflet buds around the top of the heart into a nick, with fine worms, and the leaves are deformed after unfolding; the cotton growth point is often destroyed, making the cotton stems The top stops growing, and the long and long branches grow from the top of the leaf axils. The above is basically no long flower buds, making the whole cotton into a long-leaf, rod-less polished cotton rod, commonly known as "male cotton." Top The young leaves are eaten into many small perforations .
In the comprehensive control strategy of cotton pests, it is generally based on the characteristics of cotton growth and the occurrence of pests. In the early stage of cotton growth (the boundary line when entering the drought in mid- July ), it is formulated to protect and utilize natural enemies and give full play to cotton. The compensation-based prevention and control strategy, while in the cotton flowering and bolling period, the chemical pesticides are mainly used to control cottonseed .
Solar pest monitoring lamp is a blacklight principle forecasting pests, insects phototropic use, chemotaxis wave, chemotaxis color, taste property chemotaxis, light collection, wave, color, taste four kinds decoy in one embodiment, light with modern technology Physical trapping equipment. It is a new type of ideal reporting tool that can accurately predict the occurrence and occurrence of pests. For many years, the forecasting stations in many places have been using black light for measurement. After 2003 , the forecasting station began to introduce solar energy pests and light detectors . Through observation, the pest and disease measuring light has a very good effect on attracting insects. The performance of the measuring and reporting is superior to that of black light, which can effectively improve the quality of forecasting and forecasting of pests and diseases. Play a good role.