Chongqing "Terson card" Coptis, Department of Chongqing Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County specialty, China National Geographical Indications products (native geographical products). Because produced in Shizhu County, Yellow River National Forest Park, also known as "yellow Coptis." Coptis Coptis Coptis Coptis Coptis Chinensis Franch dried rhizomes, medicinal products for the "taste even", commonly used expensive Chinese medicine, Shizhu County Coptis original area, China's Coptis town, due to the high quality, was identified As "Sinopharm" "Authentic Coptis". Coptis has the characteristics of branch fertilizer, flesh thickness, length, color and high content of active ingredients. Its content of berberine (also known as berberine) is 5.20-7.69% (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition shall not be less than 3.6% ); Coptis alkaloids (Coptis, Worenine, Palmatine, Jatrorrhizine, etc.) content below 0.5%. In addition, it contains Magnoforine and a Lumicaruleic acid, Ferulic acid.
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Second, the processing and preparation of leaf feed (a) Fermentation will be picked under the leaves or collected under the leaves, washed and chopped or dried processing crush into leaf powder, first with the right amount of water will be used for baking the old dough with 2 kg Transferred into a thin paste, then add 5 kg of cornmeal and 10 kg of rice bran mix well, the dry humidity by hand into a group to lay down it can be dispersed. After 24 hours of fermentation, add 50 kg of leaf powder or finely chopped leaves and 10 kg of lees. Stir thoroughly and evenly. Moisture is squeezed into groups and fingers are sew to see drops of water. It is then loaded into a cylinder or fermentation tank. With practicality, after the cylinder is full, the temperature is kept at 30-35°C, and it can be fed for 48 hours. The mixture of leaves after fermentation is yellow, with characteristics of acid, sweet, fragrant, soft, ripe, and a little bit of wine.
(b) blisters will be tenderer leaves picking washed with water, on the tank and the cement pool, with 80 ~ 100 °C hot water, about 2 to 4 hours after adding water immersion, plus the amount of water is generally exceeded Foliage can be about 5 cm, and often keep this water level. When apricot leaves, peach leaves, poplar leaves, and mulberry leaves are soaked, fresh water is changed several times to remove bitterness and astringency. Before sowing, the soaked leaves are chopped into the diet and fed.
(c) Silage silage containers may be cylinders, buckets or cement pools. The leaves are washed, dried, chopped, and poured into silage containers one by one. If there is too much water in the leaves, the rice bran mixed silage with 10% of the leaves can be added. If the water content in the leaves is too low, artificial water spray should be adjusted. The moisture content is controlled by holding the leaves with your hands and dropping water from the fingers. When loading the container, it should be edge-fixed. When it is added to the mouth 15 cm away from the container, it shall be covered with plastic sheeting and the soil be sealed. Afterwards, we must always check it out. It is advisable to repair the area where the soil is subsiding. Silage good leaves should be yellow-green, with acid odor.
(d) The specific method of salt leaching is the same as that of silage. The difference is that the shredded leaves are poured into a container, a layer of salt and a layer of leaves, the amount of salt is 5%. The leaves prepared by this method are not easy to spoil, have a salty smell, and have good palatability.
(e) Drying this method is the easiest. Only the collected leaves are dried or dried and can be fed directly after being crushed. However, it should be noted that moisture must be kept against moisture and mildew during storage to prevent deterioration and endanger the health of livestock and poultry.
Third, the feeding of leaf feed In general, the fresh leaves of all kinds of leaves have the highest nutritional value, can be fed directly to ruminants such as cattle and sheep, and can also be used as a source of green feed for pigs. If the compound feed is fed to pigs and chickens, it needs to be dried and crushed into leaf powder. Generally, piglets may be added with 2% to 6% of leaf powder in the diet, and shelf-pig diets may be added with 6% to 10% of cattle, sheep, and other ruminants. 10% to 15% of animal diets can be added. Chicken feed is commonly used for fresh leaf, such as alfalfa, mulberry, coriander, willow, amorpha and other high protein and vitamin content, which generally accounts for 2% to 5% of the diet. The deciduous and dry yellow leaves have poor nutritional value and can only be fed as ruminants on roughage.
Fourth, pay attention to matters (a) leaves are generally more or less contain some tannins, there is astringency, livestock and poultry do not eat, must be fermented, silage and processing modulation before feeding. Excessive feeding can cause constipation and other diseases, but a small amount of feeding can have astringent and stomachic effects.
(2) The leaf collection time has a great influence on its nutrient composition. The fresh leaves have the highest nutritional value, and the green leaves and dry yellow leaves have the worst nutritional value. In addition, the collected leaves must be processed and modulated in time to prevent mold deterioration and minimize the loss of nutrients.
(3) Pine leaf powder is higher in crude cellulose than ordinary broad-leaved leaf powder and has a special odor. Therefore, it is poor in palatability and should not be fed more. Some trees, such as oleander, are very poisonous to livestock and must not be fed.
(4) Leaves that have just been sprayed with pesticides must be collected and processed after the failure of their medicinal properties to prevent poisoning of livestock and poultry.
Processing and Modulation of Leaf Feeds and Feeding Methods
Technical contents 1. The nutritional value of leaves The leaves of most trees contain the nutrients necessary for livestock and poultry, and they help to improve the body's immunity and have no toxic or side effects on animals. The contents of crude protein in the leaves are abundant. For example, Amorpha fruticosa, artichoke, and Lespedeza humilis in the leguminous tree species, leaves of cash crops such as mulberry and tea, and medicinal plants such as schisandra, indole, etc. have higher protein content in crude leaves. More than 20%. Some tree species have higher organic matter digestibility and higher heat energy, such as poplar, eucalyptus, willow, mulberry, eucalyptus, peach, jujube and other leaves, digestible energy of pigs up to 2 Mcal/kg (dry matter , Same below) Above, the metabolic energy of chickens is also around 1.5 Mcal/kg. The content of vitamins in the leaves is also very abundant. According to analysis, the carotene content in the leaves of willow, birch, hazel, and red poplar trees is 110-132 mg/kg, and walnut leaves also contain a lot of carotene and vitamin C.