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First, the cause of grape cracking
1. In the early period of grape fruit growth, the soil is excessively arid. After entering the coloring period, if there is heavy rain or heavy irrigation on the garden, the soil water content will increase sharply, the roots will absorb water, and the fruit bulge pressure will increase, causing the peel to break. Cracking occurs.
2. In the later period of fruit development, if the weather is dry, the vineyards are heavily flooded for many times, and the soil moisture content changes drastically. If the cultivated grape is a species with too tight fruit, the fruit particles are squeezed and the cell division near the pulp is accelerated. The cellular activity near the skin is relatively slow, and the fruit's turgor pressure increases, causing the grapes to crack.
3. There are too many vines left by the grape plant, the total leaf area is too large, the stand is closed, and the ventilation and light transmission are poor. If there are too many ear and fruit grains left, the leaf area is relatively small, the water metabolism of the leaves and fruit grains is not balanced, and when the fruit matures, the skin is thin and brittle, then cracking occurs easily.
4. If continuous spraying of bacteria and other pest control grape disease pesticides will result in reduced transpiration, tree water in a large number of fruit flow, so that increased fruit bulge pressure, resulting in cracking.
5. In case of severe winds and hot weather during young fruit, it will also cause grapes to crack.
6. The use of ethephon, abscisic acid and other ripening agents, if the spray concentration is too high or premature spraying, it often leads to grape cracking.
Second, measures to prevent grape cracking
1. Prevent soil moisture imbalance. When the soil is dry, it should be timely watered, and the water should be drained immediately after the rain to reduce the dry and wet soil.
2. In case of drought in the later stages of fruit development, multiple, small amounts of water should be used to prevent flooding and flooding so as to avoid drastic changes in the soil moisture content and to increase fruit bulge pressure and cause fruit cracking.
3. The new shoots of fruiting, change before flowering, take care of the heart after flowering, promote proper drop of fruit, or remove some spikelets before flowering, in order to loose and moderate the ear, reduce the formation of fruit cracking each other.
4. Through the thinning, sparse fruit ear, adjust the load of the plant and keep the leaf-fruit ratio at 15-20:1. On the robust shoots, 2 ear fruits are left, and on the doctrine of mean tree, 1 ear fruit is left, and the weakly growing shoots leave no ear.
5. In time wipe or cut the vice panicle, pod tips, so that the size of the ear growth.
6. When controlling pests and diseases that damage leaves, the use of tetromycin in the annual growth cycle must not exceed 3 times.
7. Create windbreaks and prevent windstorms. In case of high temperature during the young fruit period, the vineyard can be sprayed or sprayed with water before the high temperature comes.
8. The use of ethephon, abscisic acid ripening agent, ethephon concentration of 500 mg / kg, abscisic acid 100 mg / kg, must be 5% to 10% of the fruit coloring used.
9. In the second fruit enlargement period, 500 ml/kg of rare earth is used, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and sprayed twice. When preparing, use vinegar to adjust the water to a slightly acidic solution (pH 5-6), add rare earth, and then spray on sunny days.
Reasons and Prevention of Grape Cracking
Grapes are prone to cracking during the coloring and ripening of berries. After the cracking occurs, it is easy to infect mold, causing fruit rot, and it is easy to attract chafers, bees, flies, cockroaches and other pests to suck juice, spread germs, and affect the yield and quality of grapes.