Sugarcane nematodiasis control

(1) Disease and Incidence

1 Main diseases: The sugarcane strains damaged by the root parasitic nematode showed yellowing, narrow and long leaves, distorted tips, and short internodes of jointing cane, and the sugarcane strains showed wilting during drought and water shortage. The cortical tissue cells of the damaged cane root disintegrated and the epidermal cells fell off, appearing pale brown and reddish purple, and finally turned into black necrotic scars. Various nematodes in various ways damage the roots of the cane, hindering the absorption of water and nutrients by the root system. Damage to the root system caused the invasion of the pathogen to induce root rot. C. elegans damage is caused by nematode infestation, which is called nematode disease.

2 The onset of disease: Dwarf nematodes use adults, larvae and eggs to overwinter in ratoon cane roots and rhizosphere soils as the primary source of infection. When the rattan cane or the cane stem planted in that year grows a new root, when the larva is touched, it immediately uses the oral needle to pierce the young root epidermis to feed on it. It lives parasitically outside the camp root, and at the same time injects its toxic secretions into the cane root to make the cane root. The cells liquefy and necrosate, and sugarcane growth is inhibited. The suitable growth and development temperature of the nematode is 18-28°C, and it takes 22-28 days to complete one generation. Sugarcane nematode disease can occur all year round, peaking from the end of March to the beginning of April. Cane species with nematodes, soil, unfamiliar manure, irrigation water, and farming tools are all pathogenic vectors.

(2) Control methods

1 round. The use of crop rotations that are not harmed by sugarcane nematodes has caused nematodes to die from the loss of their hosts.

2 deep plowing. Sowing the plant is done by ploughing the soil in advance so that the soil is fully exposed. When the soil temperature is above 46°C, the nematode can be reduced.

3 chemical control. When sowing, use 3% methylisothiphos 75kg per hectare, or 10% Yishubao 45-60kg, or 10% kelp 75kg, or 10% Kedandan granules 60kg, in the new planting When the sugarcane is planted, it is spread on both sides of the sugarcane seedlings, or when the sugarcane is loosened, the sugarcane is applied to the roots of the sugarcane, and the organic fertilizer is applied and the soil is covered after applying the sugarcane.

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