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Accurate use of precision jukebox on air-suction film
The on-film precision on-demand technology is welcomed by people for its province, labor, production, and economic benefits, and it is rapidly being used in Xinjiang's agricultural production. As a carrier for implementing new technologies, the precision-demanding machine on air-suction membranes is constantly improving its technical performance, and its specifications have gradually increased. How to properly use the precision JD on an air-suction film is the key to the promotion of new on-film precision on-demand technology. 1. Characteristics of the precision judging machine on the air-suction film (1) The structure is complex and joint operations can be realized. Air-suction film precision on-demand machines generally consist of racks, fan systems, shaping devices, pipe-laying devices, film-laying devices, on-demand systems, earth-covering mechanisms, repression devices, and rowing devices. Each part has many Parts work together. The machine can complete the joint operation of shaping, pipe laying, trenching, film development, laminating, membrane covering, membrane on-demand, membrane hole covering and repression at one time. (2) Compact layout and high quality. The precise amount of the on-demand film judging machine on the air-suction film needs to complete a plurality of processes at one time, so many mechanisms, parts and devices must be closely matched, and are subject to various factors, so the arrangement is very compact. Due to the complex structure and many components, drip tapes, mulch films, and seeds are randomly carried during operations, and thus are of relatively high quality compared to other farm implements. Tractor front axle requires a counterweight to ensure smooth operation. (3) High operating conditions. First of all, the land conditions are high. It is necessary to have good windproof conditions, small salt and alkali, moderate fertility, and flat terrain. It also requires attention to the quality of soil preparation and adheres to the "seven-character" principle of "Qi, Ping, Song, Fragmentation, Net, Straight, and Shu". In addition, the field preparation before sowing can not be ignored, for example, before the start of the planting, the landing line should be laid. Second, it requires uniform sowing speed. When the air-suction film is on the precision jukebox, the power output shaft of the tractor transmits the power to the blower, the negative pressure is generated in the suction chamber of the seeding device through the air duct, and the negative suction is enough to make the suction seeding plate complete the seed suction action, and then cast. Kind to Duckbill for on-demand. This determines that the tractor engine must run at a constant speed, which means that the tractor must move in a constant speed. If the engine speed drops and the negative pressure is insufficient, cavitation is likely to occur. Due to the characteristics of the currently produced fans, as well as processing accuracy, assembly accuracy and other reasons, the air tightness is not very good. Therefore, the general tractor driving speed needs to be controlled at about 3.5 km/h (ie, the engine is operated with a large throttle). The effect will be good. Third, the seed germination rate, cleanliness and appearance requirements are high. The precision seeding machine on the air-suction film does not require strict seed size and does not need to select grade. However, the cleanliness of the germination rate of seeds is high. The germination rate is low. Even if seeds are sown, they will not emerge. If the cleanliness is not high, the impurities in the seeds will block the suction holes and the holes will not emerge. In addition, there is a requirement for the appearance of the seed, that is, the outer surface of the seed must be able to block the suction hole so that it can be absorbed. Some crop seeds (such as sugar beets) are irregular in shape and not easy to suck soil. It is better to coat pelletized seeds before sowing. The effect will be ideal. At present, the cotton seeds are generally hand-selected, and can meet the requirements of seeds on a precision judging machine on an air-suction film. 2. Pre-planting equipment preparation (1) The technical state of the tractor should be in good condition, and determine the tractor's track distance and adjust it to the appropriate broadcasting status according to the number of rows sown and field management operation requirements. If the number of sowing lines exceeds 10 lines, a counterweight must be added to the front axle of the tractor. The counterweight is suitable for the tractor to lift the planter under the condition of lifting the planter, and not to turn his head when turning. (2) Make sure tractor and seeder are properly connected. Longitudinal positive traction, horizontal horizontal attachment, hard attachment, and soft floating are achieved, and the tractor's power output shaft, drive shaft, and fan's power input shaft's three axes can be smoothly connected and smoothly transmit power. After adjustment, the planter shall be lifted and verified. If it meets the requirements, the left and right tension chains and the right and left suspender lock nuts will be locked; if they do not meet the requirements, they will need to be readjusted and locked again. (3) Hang the planter for inspection. First of all, the bearings of the various parts should be kept clean, with enough grease and flexible rotation; the rotating parts should be flexible and free of sticking; the fastening bolts must be fastened reliably and must not be loosened. Second, check the fan. The fan is one of the important components of the air-suction seeder. There are two key inspection points. The first is the correctness of the fan belt tension and position, and the second is the stability of the operation. Multi-wedge belt or V-belt is generally used for the fan belt. The V-ribbed belt combines the advantages of flat belt and V-belt. It has good flexibility, high friction, high power transmission, and can solve the problem that multiple V-belts are of different lengths and cause uneven forces on the belts. At the same time, because of the large power that can be transmitted by the V-ribbed belt, it has the advantage in a compact structure, the transmission ratio can reach 10, and the belt speed can reach 40m/s. Therefore, the multi-wedge belt is currently used in precision seed drills. The multi-wedge belt has high requirements for the plane parallelism and the jump degree of the shaft ends of the two shafts. Otherwise, it is easily damaged. Therefore, the plane parallelism of the shaft ends of the two shafts is better, the wedge grooves should correspond, and the tightness of the belt should be appropriate. If it meets the requirements, it will run for a while and observe whether the belt is running smoothly and whether it has a beating phenomenon. After stopping the operation, check if the belt is hot. If all are good, the adjustment bolts of the fan can be locked. If it is found that the belt movement is obvious, it is necessary to re-examine. The first is to see if the relative position is correct, the second is to see if the state of the upper and lower shaft bearings is good; if the bearings do not meet the requirements, they should be replaced. The inspection method for the fan's running stability is when the fan is running at a large throttle speed of the engine, whether the sound is abnormal or not, see if the fan is vibrating, and if the blower bearing is hot, if it is not normal, further inspection and adjustment are required. Third, check the precision volume caster. The connection between the sowhead seeder and the seed box should be reliable, and the next kind should be unblocked; the relative positions of the active duckbill and the fixed duckbill should be correct, the opening degree should be consistent, the spring elasticity should be moderate, the activity duckbill should be flexible, and the seedling should be kept closed; Rotation should be flexible, no obvious turbulence in the axial direction. After the inspection of the above items is completed, the holecaster is set up to rotate freely, the fan is started to the working speed, and the conditions of suction and seeding are checked. First, check the airtightness of the air duct to ensure that the joints between the air duct and the fan connector and the plugger are reliable and airtight. It is best to use a transparent tape to wind the two joints again to prevent air leakage. Then manually turn the holecaster and observe the seeding and seeding conditions of each suction hole from the observation hole. If normal, the observation hole can be sealed to prevent debris from entering. If there is a problem, check and adjust. The focus is on the adjustment of the scraper. If the scraper is incorrectly positioned, it may cause multiple holes and one hole. 3. Precautions for use (1) Before planting, first understand the sowing technique requirements, specify the crop variety, row spacing, plant spacing, sowing depth, and whether to lay drip irrigation belts. Because the row spacing of different crops is different, the planters should be selected to meet the agronomic requirements and adjust the row spacing. The size of crop sowing should be determined according to the crop variety. If the seeds are large in shape, high in germination rate and strong in top soil, single seeding can be used, otherwise double seed or “1, 2, 1†or even multi-grain seeding can be used. . When using "1, 2, 1" sowing method, select two seed cups per hole, and use a transparent tape or other items to block a suction hole. General sowing of cotton, sorghum, sugar beet, licorice, tomatoes and peppers and other crops can be used when two or two per hole "1,2,1" method, and sowing corn, melon and oil sunflower and other crops when sowing with single seeds. Of course, the specific broadcast volume should also be determined based on the actual situation. In addition, the pipelaying device can be removed without laying a drip tape. (2) After entering the ground, first adjust the central drawbar to ensure that the main frame of the seeder is parallel to the ground when working. Then adjust the disc position, angle and various sizes of gaps, so that after the operation of the seeder, the size is accurate, lay flat film, bury the film tightly, evenly cover the earth, and suppress the implementation. Finally, adjust the length of both sides of the marker. (3) Pay attention to safety. When the locomotive starts or when the planter raises or drops, it should be horned to avoid accidents. When reseeding, it is strictly prohibited to rewind. When lifting and dropping the planter, be careful and slow. Especially when the planter is dropped, be sure to put it gently so as to avoid deformation or soiling of the duckbill. (4) Bring enough seeds, mulch, drip tape, etc. to ensure that the locomotive does not stop when planting. Be careful not to allow debris to enter the seed box and do not pull the air duct at random. (5) Connect the power output shaft first, so that the tractor can start seeding after the fan is started to the working speed. (6) During the sowing process, the tractor is always guaranteed to move forward at a uniform speed in the medium-to-large throttle, and the speed is controlled at 3.5-4.0 km/h. When stopping the seeding, wait for the tractor to stop first, and then separate the power output shaft to stop the fan; do not lift the seeder without separating the power output shaft, otherwise it is easy to damage the drive shaft. (7) Check the status of the podcaster for each round trip. The first is to see if the duckbill is intact and effective; the second is to see if the suction hole is clogged with debris, and if necessary, it must be cleaned; thirdly, check the status of all parts of the seeder, especially the sealing performance of the drive shaft, fan drive belt and air duct. Wait. (8) After the work is completed, the dirt and windings on the seeder should be removed. Remove the plastic parts, rubber parts and main working parts and store them in the warehouse for preservation against rust and deformation. (9) It is best not to arbitrarily decompose the air-suction caveman and fan, and it is necessary for the technician to complete the disassembly.