First, nurture strong seedlings To seize the high yield of asparagus, in addition to selecting good varieties, it is necessary to establish nursery land for nursery. The optimum construction period is June, and nursery time is about 3 months. On the spot, the plant spacing is 16.5 cm 16.5 cm. Transplant seedlings are best suited for medium-sized shoots with 10-20 roots. Second, the land transplant Asparagus grows in wet sandy loam soil. Before transplanting, it is necessary to plow and loosen the soil and remove the impurities in the soil several times. After fully drying (about 1-2 months), Mushi rots the farmyard manure 4000-5000 kg or 100- 150 kilograms of cake fat, plus 150 kilograms of superphosphate and 30 kilograms of potassium chloride. Manure spread and then turn the plow, cake fertilizer will add water maturity 8-10 days and then mixed superphosphate and potassium chloride, applied to the depth of 30-40 cm in the ditch after covering the soil after planting. Third, a reasonable close planting The optimum planting period is autumnal from August to September, and bamboo shoots are harvested from April to March in the following year. The time is short and the survival rate is high. Planting spacing is 25 cm and 160 cm. When planting, the roots should be straightened in half and fixed in the planting pit. The scale buds should be oriented toward the midline of the axillary line. Then the soil should be covered with 5-6 cm and compacted with water. Fourth, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water 1. Seedling period: If the furrow irrigation is used after planting, the irrigation can be conducted once every 20-25 days, and at the same time, the drainage ditch should be opened so that the rain stops on the ground. 20 days after planting, the first fertilizer was applied, and 5 kg of compound fertilizer was used to water 1,000 kg of water or applied to a ditch. 40-60 days after planting, fertilize once every 25-30 days, Mushi compound fertilizer 25-50 kilograms or urea 10-20 kilograms plus potassium chloride 6-12.5 kilograms. From 4 months after planting to harvesting bamboo shoots, fertilize once every 25 days, with 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride. Apply water after fertilization. 2. Harvesting period: fertilize once every 15-20 days during harvesting, applying 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride per mu. At the same time, attention must be paid to the opening of the four-sided ditch and the Tianzhong ditch. The water should be drained on rainy days and water should be poured on sunny days. 五ã€Determinate stem About 5-6 months after planting, the seedlings are sown to the last batch of stems. When the stem diameter reaches 0.8-1 cm, the parent stem can be selected. Generally, 2-3 old mature and pest-free mothers are selected for each stem. Stems, then unplug excess, small or thick stems. Before the fixing of the stem, 30 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium chloride were applied per mu. Immediately after the selection of the mother stalks, a large amount of earth is to be cultivated and cultivated to a height of 30-40 cm. 6. Pest control Common diseases of asparagus stem blight, anthrax. The control of stem blight can be sprayed with 70% thiophanate-methyl 600-fold or 40% carbendazim 500-fold spray. Seedlings and seedlings are sprayed once every 10-15 days, and the parent stems are sprayed once every 5-7 days. 70% mancozeb can be used to control anthrax 500 times, or 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times, or 80% anthrax WP WP 800 times spray, spray once every 10 days, even spray 2 -3 times, but spraying is strictly prohibited 7 days before harvesting. Common pests include tigers and green worms. At the age of 1-2, green worms can be sprayed with 1000 times of Anluobao. Artificial larvae and tigers of the larvae can be killed manually. Seven, change seedlings After harvesting bamboo shoots for 3-4 months, the original seedlings begin to age. At this time, all the seedlings should be unplugged, only the root shoots are left, then the ridges are fertilized and the shoots emerge. The seedlings are generally changed twice a year. Harvesting white asparagus on the field at dawn every day, and found that there is a crack in the soil, that is, there are signs of young stems uncovered. First open the topsoil at the cracks by hand and determine the position of the young stems. Then insert a special digging bamboo shooter knife and cut it near the underground stem to make the stem length 18 cm or more. Do not damage underground stems while cutting. The hollow after harvesting should be immediately filled with soil. During the late harvest period, the weather is hotter and the young stems grow faster. They must be taken each morning and evening. Harvested tender stems should be immediately loaded into the container to prevent staining. Harvest duration and yield vary according to specific conditions such as plant age, climate, soil quality, and fertility management. Green asparagus began harvesting a few shoots in the second year after colonization. When the young shoots were 21-24 cm high, they were cut on the surface of the earth. Every time harvested, either white asparagus or green asparagus must be harvested from all the stalks, otherwise it will consume nutrients in the underground storage and affect the yield. The 6th to 12th year after general planting is the peak season. After 13 years, the plants tend to be senescent and yields gradually decrease. The economic life of a plant is about 15 years. If it is cultivated and managed well, it can be extended to about 20 years.
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Asparagus High Yield Cultivation and Management
Asparagus is one of the most efficient and economical crops and can be harvested for more than 10 years at a time. The annual output of bamboo shoots per acre is generally 2300 kg, and the per mu output value is 10,000 yuan. The planting efficiency is relatively obvious. The planting area in Yangchun, Guangdong is relatively large. The key to high-yield cultivation and management should be as follows: