Rice rice seedling disease Symptoms mainly occurred in the early, mid-season rice seedlings and early rice fields, and occurred in the Yangtze River Basin. Damage to the seedling leaves. Yellowish-white, small round spots on the leaves were developed, followed by grayish-green water-stained irregular spots, and lesions merged to expand or collapse the leaves. When the humidity is high, white sparse mold layer is visible on the lesions, namely the cysts and sporangia of the bacteria. The lesions gradually browned, the central grayish-brown, and the white mold layer gradually turned to grayish white, which often caused local dead leaves of the middle and lower leaves of rice seedlings, and severed the whole leaves or whole plants to death. Phytophthora fragariae Hickm.var.oryzo-bladis Wang et Lu. Phytophthora infestans strains of rice, a flagellin subphylum fungi. 2-5 cyst stalks protrude from the host stomata and are bundled or solitary with occasional 1-2 branching, size 6.5-40.52.9-5.7 (μm). The sporangia were terminal and oblong, with a size of 36-98.322.166.5 (μm). The sporangia did not fall off after maturation, and zoospores spread out from the top of the sporangia. The zoospores were kidney-shaped, resting on spores, and sprouted to produce secondary small vesicles. The Tibetan egg is nearly round-brown, 31.2-72 μm in diameter, periwinkle, oblate, pale yellow, 12.2-25.915-30 (μm) in size, oospores round, yellow, 21.7-57 (μm) in size. (left)
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Transmission Pathways and Pathogenic Conditions Germs are borne by oospore in the soil and germinate in the presence of water in the following year, resulting in invasion of zoospores. Septic cysts can be produced on lesions under conditions of saturated humidity, and the sporangia need to have water droplets or water films present. After the zoospore rests, the germ tube is generated by the schistosomiasis to invade the host from the leaf stomata. Infested seedlings form typical lesions under saturated humidity, and relative humidity of 60% to 90% produces only light brown patches. The suitable temperature for disease onset is 16-21°C, and the temperature exceeds 25°C. The disease is inhibited. The rainy weather is conducive to disease, and the seedlings are most susceptible before and after the three-leaf stage. Flooding or deep irrigation in Putian is favorable for disease incidence, and string-water irrigation diseases tend to be popular. Seeding is too dense and seedlings are vulnerable to disease. Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer is heavy.
Prevention and control methods (1) Select the land with high topography in Putian, and put it in rotation every year. (2) To strengthen fertilizer and water management, groundwater should be poured in shallow water to prevent string irrigation, and appropriate phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added to improve disease resistance. (3) Chemical control. Seedlings spraying at the leaf stage at the time of spraying 72.25 Propiocarb (Prike) 800 times solution or 64% antivirus WP 600 times or 40% Methron copper wettable powder 800 times or 1:2:240 times Bordeaux liquid.
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