First, heat and its identification (A) breeding age. The general beef breed is from 6 months of age, and the breed of yellow cattle is from the first estrus from 8 months of age. During the first estrus, it is not possible to breed. Because the cow is in a stage of rapid growth, breeding will affect the growth and development of the fetus. And affect the cow's own growth and development, especially the development of bones and internal organs, thus affecting the cow's lifelong reproductive ability. (b) estrus identification. If the estrous cow is not pregnant, the estrus will reappear normally after a period of time. The time interval from the beginning of the estrus to the beginning of the next estrus is called the estrus cycle. The average estrous cycle of adult cows is 21 days and the range is 18-24. day. Second, pregnancy and childbirth (a) diagnosis of pregnancy. After mating, it is necessary to judge whether the cow is conceived as early as possible in order to strengthen the feeding and management of the cattle that have been conceived, and to do a good job of protecting the tires. The empty bovine cattle should pay attention to the timely mating in order to increase the breeding rate of the cows. A rectal examination method is widely used to determine if a cow is pregnant. However, the rectal examination requires skilled techniques. Otherwise, cows may be easily aborted. (b) Calculation of the expected date of production. The gestation period of the cow is 270-285 days, with an average of 280 days. For 280 days, we can estimate the expected date of birth by adding 9 for the last breeding date and month. For example, when a cow was last mated on August 26th, 1996, the expected date of production was 8+9=17 months. If it is necessary to subtract 12 months, that is, May of the following year. Date 27+9=36 must be subtracted from May. The 31st day is the 5th of the next month. The expected date of the cow is June 5, 1997. Third, delivery and midwifery (a) The signs of childbirth. The appetite of the calving cow is diminished or discontinued, and the performance is disturbed. The abdomen is often reviewed. The frequency of defecation and urination increases, and the swelling of the labia and swelling of the labia are also visible. (b) Midwifery. The calving is a normal physiological process and generally does not cause dystocia. However, it is more likely that the first-produced cows and the cows bred with large-scale beef cattle are difficult to produce. The principle of midwifery is to try to preserve the cows and yaks. They must have to care for their mothers and mothers. They must also pay attention to avoid infections and injuries of the birth canal and protect the normal fertility of the cows. When the cows can stand up in midwifery, they should stand on Baoding. When the head is low and high, if they cannot stand, take the left side and raise the hindquarters. Fourth, postpartum care (A) Care of postpartum cows. Pay attention to the cleansing and disinfection of the vulva, and timely replenish the body's water, feed it with good quality and digestible feed, and arrange proper exercise for the cows. (b) Nursing of newborn yak. After yak production, wipe the mucus in the mouth and respiratory tract with gauze or a clean towel and breastfeed in time. Bone Surgery Wax,Surgical Bone Wax,Hemostat Bone Wax,Bone Wax Bone Hemostat Shaoxing Aladdin Enterprise Co.,Ltd , https://www.xhemostat.com