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Post-harvest treatment practice Harvesting maturity and time Platycodon sclerotiorum harvesting is best done with an open maturity of 3-5 flowers per flower, and the removal of over-open flowers and flower buds that are too small to open. Flower growers generally cut flowers in the early morning. The standard of harvesting is that the flower stalks have 2 to 4 flowers open to the extent that they are harvested from the base, and after harvesting, the stems will be 1-2 in the field. Remove the leaves and reload them into the packing field. Harvest time should be avoided at hot midday harvest.
As the temperature is higher, the respiration rate of Eustoma is accelerated, which in turn accelerates the aging or dehydration of Eustoma. Therefore, Eustoma should be placed in the shade of the field after harvest to slow its respiration rate. In the morning, the water content of flowers collected in the morning was more, and the evapotranspiration effect was more sustainable after favorable harvest. The eustoma harvested in the afternoon had more photosynthetic products, which was beneficial to the post-harvest respiration. get on. Therefore, the suitable period for the harvest of Eustoma should be the morning or the afternoon temperature is lower.
Field Absorption Sterilization Due to the good water absorption of the Eustoma bulbs, growers often mistakenly believe that the length of the water after harvesting is not harmful to them, as long as the water is grading and then reconstituted. However, during the process of absorbing water from the bulbs of the eustoma to the packaging, it usually exceeds 4 hours or more, and it will easily affect the life of the vases. If the eustoma is harvested from the field, if the water is not absorbed enough or the water is left for a long time, the cells will lose their bulge pressure, and the flower neck will cause the top of the flower to bend due to the weight of the unsupported flowers, and the petal cells will become flat in lack of water. Afterwards, reinserting the water does not make the flower buds regain firmness and fullness when they bloom. Therefore, Eustoma should be inserted into the pre-test solution within one hour of harvesting in the field to maintain the water needed for respiration.
The pre-measurement solution is mainly prepared by mixing 200ppm of aluminum sulfate with 50ppm of sodium hypochlorite, and has the functions of water supply and sterilization. Eustoma bulbs should be inserted into the water as soon as possible after harvest to avoid air bubbles in the tubes caused by the disruption of water supply and to block the transport of water. The role of sterilization is to reduce the bacterial growth of flower harvesting incisions and to avoid microbial production. Metabolites or carbohydrates block the catheter and impede the absorption of water.
In addition, it is better to use tap water instead of stream or groundwater for the pre-measuring solution used for flower field watering. Because the stream or groundwater is relatively easy to contain bacteria, heavy metals, impurities and so on. The pre-test solution needs to be replaced once every 3 to 5 days, and the water quality should be adjusted to be slightly acidic, which will bring the pH value closer to 5, because the low pH value also reduces the function of bacteria breeding. Pre-test solution water pH measurement method can be adjusted to the appropriate pH value using a simple pH test agent.
Pre-cooled and graded packaged Eustoma bulbs should be placed in a cool place after being harvested and treated with pre-measuring solution within 1 hour. Since the high temperature during harvest will promote ethylene production and nutrient consumption of flowers, it is also easy to lose flowers. Water phenomenon, so the field should quickly remove the heat after harvesting. In addition to being placed in a cool place after harvesting, the eustoma bulb should not be placed in the outdoors for a long time. Therefore, it should be sent back to the packing yard as soon as possible in addition to the pre-treatment measures for field watering. Flower producers should still insert flowers into tap water or pre-measuring solution containing aluminum sulfate and sodium hypochlorite to maintain the absorption of moisture before the flowers are graded and packaged, and at the same time move the eustoma as much as possible into the refrigerator for precooling.
Reducing the respiratory rate, delaying metabolism and aging, reducing water loss and other physiological effects of cut flowers by appropriate hypothermia, while reducing ethylene production and reducing the sensitivity to ethylene, can also ensure cut flower quality and longevity. Precooling and refrigeration of flowers are performed using a forced draft freezer. The precooling temperature is approximately 5 to 10°C.
After the container is refrigerated and transported in a vertical container and packed in a vertical container at an appropriate level, the flowers shall be moved into the refrigerator again for cooling. The speed of flower opening shall be slowed down, and the temperature for refrigeration shall be approximately 5°C. The shipment will be transferred to the flower wholesale market for sale and then removed. The preferred flower transporter should be an air-conditioned refrigerated truck or insulated transporter, maintain the low temperature to maintain the freshness of flowers, avoid the use of general trucks or non-refrigerated vehicles, reduce the risk of high temperature in non-confined space or reduce the weather due to weather conditions. Improper damage to the sun and rain.
If the flower grower wants to adjust the delivery period with a special holiday, it should use 5°C cold storage. If you want to store for a long time, you should avoid long-term soaking in water, otherwise it will reduce the life of the vase. Therefore, long-term storage should be changed to dry storage method, but before storage should be sufficient absorption of fresh liquid, and then packed in cardboard boxes, and then placed in a freezer at a temperature of 5 °C, but recommended long-term storage period should not exceed 5 days, Too long will not be good for quality and vase life.
Eustoma post-harvest treatment process
Eustoma grandiflorm (Raf.) Shinn. is a Gentianaceae native to central and southern North America. It is known as Eustoma or Lisianthus. Its genus name Eustoma is made up of the Greek eu and stoma, which means a beautiful corolla throat, alias lisianthus, Turkish bellflower, and Texas bluebell. There are three main species in this genus, E. grandiflorum, E. baekley, and E. exaltatum, where the three original species have intersections, and it is speculated that there is a possibility of crossbreeding. E. grandiflorum is found in the original habitat with purple, white, and peach. , yellow and white with purple fringe. Since 1975, the world has seen rapid development of eustoma breeding, and many new varieties have been introduced each year. Most varieties are used for cut flower cultivation, and there are also a few dwarf varieties used for potted plants or flower beds, such as 'Blue Lisa' and 'Little Bell'.