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Seeding Techniques for Solanaceous Vegetables in Autumn
First, nursery preparation includes four tasks, one is to build a shed. Conventional nursery uses cold bed Yangshuo or greenhouse. When building a shed, you should choose a place sheltered from the sun, high dryness, and convenient water sources. The second is to prepare nutritional soil. Beds and loess soil should be piled with soil for 3 months. Generally, garden soil or river mud is used to add human fecal urine, chicken manure, and grass ash to make up nutrient soil to supply sufficient available nitrogen and phosphorus. Colder areas prepare warm stuff. The third is to improve the facilities conditions, such as the formation of greenhouses, multi-layered coverage, installation of geothermal lines, temperature control seedlings. The fourth is to prepare enough “no deep plowing†soil conditioners and Shuofeng 481 for timely application before sowing and in seedbed management. Second, sowing germination sowing time can be based on the characteristics of the species, the duration of planting and nursery conditions may be. Early pepper, eggplant should be in the middle and late October, tomatoes should be in mid-November. Seed disinfection before sowing, available 55 °C warm water soak for 15 minutes, soaking when the attention to constant stirring and cooling, and then 1 g of Shuofeng 481 3 kg of water soaked disinfection, early pepper, eggplant 7 hours, tomato 5 hours. Eggplant should pay attention to washing, repeatedly washing with water before germination, rubbing with sand, remove the mucus on the surface of the seed. The soaked seeds were drained, kept warm, and placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 28°C to 30°C. In order not to germinate the seeds too fast, the temperature can be used to germinate, that is, keep 28 °C ~ 30 °C during the day, night 16 °C ~ 18 °C, tomato 2 days, pepper 3 days ~ 4 days, eggplant 5 days, the seeds can be sown white dew. Before seeding, the seedbed is poured into bottom water, and after the water is soaked, it can be sprayed with “no deep plowingâ€, 0.05 kg per 100 square meters, 12 kg to 15 kg of water, evenly sprayed on the soil surface, and the bed soil becomes very moist. Can be sowed. Cover it with fine soil and cover with plastic film. Sowage per 100 square meters of tomatoes, 100 grams of eggplant, pepper 150 grams to 200 grams. If it is a commodity seedling, it can be broadcasted or drilled without passing the seedling stage. Third, the seedbed management Seed before seedling emergence Day and night temperature to maintain 25 °C ~ 30 °C, the basic Qimiao began to cool, prevent seedlings leggy, seedling growth period to maintain the daily temperature of 20 °C ~ 25 °C, night temperature 10 °C ~ 15 °C, ground temperature At 20°C, the relative humidity in the bed is about 70%. When the seedlings grow 3 to 4 true leaves, the seedlings can be seeded. The seedlings can be transplanted to the prepared seedbeds or transplanted to the prepared seedlings. When doing this work, choose sunny weather, preferably 25°C to 28°C during the day and 18°C ​​to 20°C during the night. In order to promote rooting and survival, the temperature can be raised to 25°C to 30°C (about 5 days) in the short term. When the temperature is low, the survival rate of the seedlings will be significantly reduced, and dead seedlings, down seedlings, yellow shoots and rot roots will all appear. When the seedling grows to 7 true leaves, it can be sprayed with Shuofeng 481 (the seedlings can be used to control roots) and the concentration is 5 grams of Shuofong 481 to 30 kg of water. It should be noted that in the case of adequate bottom water, watering as little as possible before spring begins, rather dry and not wet, the amount of watering after spring can be slightly larger. Watering should be carried out from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. on a sunny day. If the seedbed is too wet, it can be solved by ventilation, drying the bed, and spreading fine soil. The seedbed also needs ventilation to adjust the temperature and humidity and exchange fresh air. The amount of ventilation in the first half of the day is small to large, and when the wind is blowing, the vents are opened in the wind direction. During the whole seedling period, except for rainy days and days when the temperature is too low, the grass should be removed every day to extend the chance of seeing light. Long cloudy to clear, in order to prevent a sudden loss of water and seedlings to be timely shading. Bed soil is more fertile and generally does not lack of fat. If seedlings grow stagnant and aging, 2 grams of urea, 20 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kg of clear water, and formulated into a nutrient solution can be sprayed. However, it is not possible to apply concentrated faecal water alone or separately. Apply fertilizers such as urea and ammonium sulfate. In the greenhouses, greenhouses or other protected areas for raising seedlings, if they are used as commercial seedlings to supply the market, they may not pass the transplanting stage, but they still need to strengthen the control of seedlings in the management, and the dense seedlings must be removed to maintain the seedling distance so that the seedlings can grow vigorously. .