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Fresh cow skin storage method
Most of the fresh cowhide can not be sent to the tannery for processing in time. In order to avoid rot and to facilitate storage and transportation, fresh cows must undergo preliminary processing. First, the initial treatment before storage 1, clean up. Removes unwanted parts such as stubble, feces, dirt, and fat from the skin. 2, anti-corrosion. The basic principle is to remove water, cold temperatures and use preservatives to inhibit the action of microorganisms and enzymes. Drying method: General use of natural drying, the fresh skin facing the bamboo root with a few roots open, placed in a ventilated shed below the moisture content of 15% can be to facilitate corrosion. Salting method: (1) dry salted method. 25% - 30% of dry salt in cow leather is evenly spread on the meat surface to make the skin lose moisture and achieve anti-corrosion purposes. In order to enhance the preservation effect, 1%-1.5% of para-chlorobenzene and 2%-3% of naphthalene can be added to the dry salt. After 6-8 days of marinating, the inner and outer salt concentrations of the leather reached equilibrium. (2) Salt water flooding method. The hides were immersed in a 25% saline bath and the water temperature was maintained at 15°C. After 24 hours, remove and drain for 2 hours, then add 25% dry salt in bovine leather. In order to prevent salt spots, 4% sodium carbonate may be added to the salt. (3) Salt dry method. That is to say, it is salted and then dried to 20% water content. This method has the advantages of strong anti-corrosion ability, avoiding the occurrence of defects such as hardening and fracture during drying of hides, and prolonging the storage period. Second, hide storage 1, warehouse conditions. The warehouse requires good ventilation and ventilation. The storage temperature should not exceed 25°C, and the relative humidity of the air should be 65%-70%, so that the moisture content of the raw hides can be maintained at 12%-20%. There must be moisture-proof, heat-insulated conditions and concrete floors. The venues are spacious and easy to inspect and dump. But to prevent direct sunlight, so as not to degenerate the skin. 2, stacking requirements. (1) Stacking. Lay the cowhide completely so that the upper one faces the bottom of the sheet and stacks them. This is the best way. (2) Fish form. Each of the raw furs is faced outwards, folded along the dorsal line, and then the hairs are layered against the rough surface. (3) packet type. The raw fur was folded outwards into small bags and the 8-10 packets were piled up. In order to reduce the contact between the heap and the air, it is usual to pile a heap and cover it with a layer of salt. Cubs should be stacked on wooden pallets with a distance of 40 cm between piles and no less than 2 meters between rows. 3, drug treatment. If raw hides need to be preserved for a long period of time, they should be protected from insects when entering the store in order to avoid pests. One part of dichlorvos can be dissolved in 999 parts of kerosene and sprayed on the skin with a sprayer. Each piece of skin needs about 10 mg. Kerosene is a flammable product that is fire-resistant during operation. 4, warehouse management. The warehouse must be managed by a person, constantly checking the temperature and humidity in the warehouse to prevent pests. Third, rawhide transport. Transport by train, the trunk must be clean and dry, well ventilated, and maintain proper temperature and humidity. When transporting by car, tarpaulins should be provided to prevent the sun from raining. When loading and unloading vehicles, try to make the skin flat to avoid breaking. Because dry skin is easy to absorb water, transportation time should be shortened as much as possible. Avoid rainy days transportation.