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Purple-backed sunflower and its cultivation
Purple backlit sunflower is known as red-backed Chinese cabbage, Guanyin, Hempelian, azure red, Panax notoginseng, and yellow vegetables. It belongs to the family Asteraceae and is a perennial herb. 1. Nutrition and consumption Purple milfoil uses tender shoots and young leaves as vegetables. It is rich in nutrients. It contains 1.98g of protein per 100g of edible parts. It also contains trace elements such as copper and manganese, and vitamins B1 and B2. Iron content It is 20 to 30 times the content of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish and melons. It is equivalent to celery and other vegetables with high iron content. It is used as a medicine for blood in some areas in southern China and is one of the main vegetables consumed by postpartum women. . The flavonoids in Radix rebaudiana have anti-malignant effect on growth cells, anti-parasitic and anti-viral effects, and can enhance the body's immunity. The texture of soft stems and leaves of M. micrantha is unique and unique. It is a high-grade vegetable worthy of promotion and integrating nutrition and health care value and special flavor. 2. Growth characteristics The whole plant of Violaceus purpurea has a well-developed fleshy root, a more developed root system, more lateral roots, and shallower growth, and has a stronger regeneration ability. Plant height 45 to 60 cm, strong branching. The stems are nearly round, upright, with purple-red leaves on the back and young shoots, with a slightly purplish green leaf and short petiole. Flower heads, yellow flowers, rarely seeded. Purple backlit sunflower is hi and warm and moist, and its optimum temperature for growth is 20-25°C. It is resistant to high temperature and rain, strong in stress resistance, and has wide adaptability. It is shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant, heat-resistant, and barren-resistant, but not cold-resistant, 10°C. The following growth was poor and the whole plant withered in the event of frost. In the south, it is evergreen and can be planted in the open year. The north can only be cultivated in the frost-free period. However, with the development of the protected area, annual production and annual supply can also be achieved. Purple backlit sunflower grows robustly, free of pests and diseases, free from pesticide contamination, easy to cultivate, and has a long period of market supply. It can be used as a supplementary variety in the off-season vegetable market. 3. Cultivation techniques (1) Breeding Purple milfoil mainly adopts vegetative propagation. There are two methods, cutting and ramets, and cuttings are the main production methods. Cuttings can be carried out during the four seasons, but most of them are conducted in the spring from April to June or fall from September to November. Take the tender stems as cuttings on the strong mother plant, cut and grow about 8 to 10 cm, leave 3 to 5 leaves at the top, and soak in the 10 mg/kg rooting powder solution for 10 minutes, and insert it obliquely on the seedbed. Fine sandy soil is used as a seedbed. About 2/3 of the soil is buried, and the spacing between the rows is 8 cm and 6 cm. After the insertion, the shade and moisturizing can be applied. After 7 to 10 days, rooting can be achieved. 18 to 20 days can be transplanted. (2) Planting and selection The loam with good drainage, rich organic matter, strong water retention and fertility, and slightly acidic soil is appropriate. For each mu (1 mu = 667 square meters, the same below), 2000 kg of fermented farmyard fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer. Deep plowing and cultivation, soil preparation, the width of about 1.2 meters, and then in the surface 30cm 25cm line spacing planting open hole. Each hole is planted with 1 seedling, with more soil, 5000 plantings per acre. Immediately after planting, root water was poured. (3) Field management Despite the drought-resistance and resistance to drought, sufficient supply of water is conducive to the growth of stems and leaves to ensure that the product is crisp and has high yield. Therefore, to keep the soil moist, pay attention to drainage and flood prevention during the rainy season. After the start of harvesting, combine harvesting and weeding once for each harvest and chase the fertilizer and water for one time. Generally, 500 kg of diluted dilute urine or 10 kg of urea per acre is applied to water. In winter, attention should be paid to insulation and frost protection. The greenhouses are planted with cover grass at night, and the temperature of the greenhouse can be kept above 10°C. In summer, it can be shaded and cooled. Maintaining a growth environment of 20-25°C, rapid growth, high yield, and slow growth at high temperatures in summer. (4) Pest control P. murieri has strong resistance to pests and diseases. As long as ventilation and light transmission are maintained, pests and diseases generally do not occur. (5) Harvesting began 25 days after planting and harvesting, harvesting 7-8 shoots from upper stems and leaves, about 15 cm long. For the first harvest, the base of the stem was left in 2 to 3 knots, which promoted the emergence of new shoots; from the second harvest, only one knot was kept at the base of the stem to control the plant height and plant shape. It is harvested once every 10 to 15 days, but it can always be frozen. The greenhouse can be harvested in four seasons to achieve annual supply. General production of vegetables per acre 2500 ~ 3000 kg, annual income of more than 10,000 yuan.